Uyar Gizem Ozata, Sanlier Nevin
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Lokman Hekim University School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Eurasian J Med. 2019 Jun;51(2):191-195. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.18089.
Obesity-related diseases are an important part of public health; and obesity is related with colorectal cancer. Adipocyte hypertrophy and visceral adipose tissue accumulation can cause adipocitis-related diseases and pathogenic adipocyte formation. Adipose tissue has a very important and active role in immune response formation. Cytokines/adipokines, which are secreted from adipose tissue, have an active role in communication between adipocytes and macrophages. Thus, visceral adipocyte is related with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Adipocytes have an important role in colorectal cancer pathogenesis because of proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and hormones secretion. Most highlighted cytokines are adiponectin, resistin, and ghrelin. Also, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, increased plasma insulin levels, body mass index, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), glucose, and serum free fatty acids levels are considered to be related with colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Thus, in this review, we focus on the role of adipokines and insulin in colorectal cancer.
肥胖相关疾病是公共卫生的重要组成部分；肥胖与结直肠癌相关。脂肪细胞肥大和内脏脂肪组织积累可导致脂肪炎相关疾病和致病性脂肪细胞形成。脂肪组织在免疫反应形成中具有非常重要且活跃的作用。脂肪组织分泌的细胞因子/脂肪因子在脂肪细胞与巨噬细胞之间的通讯中发挥着积极作用。因此，内脏脂肪细胞与低度慢性全身炎症相关。由于促炎细胞因子、生长因子和激素的分泌，脂肪细胞在结直肠癌发病机制中具有重要作用。最受关注的细胞因子是脂联素、抵抗素和胃饥饿素。此外，胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖不耐受、血浆胰岛素水平升高、体重指数、胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）、葡萄糖和血清游离脂肪酸水平被认为与结直肠癌发病机制有关。因此，在本综述中，我们重点关注脂肪因子和胰岛素在结直肠癌中的作用。
