Khan Rashid Naseem, Saba Farhana, Kausar Syedhh Fatima, Siddiqui Muhammad Hassan
Dr. Rashid Naseem Khan, MBBS, MCPS, MD. Principal, Consultant Physician, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry and Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Dr. Farhana Saba, MBBS, FCPS. Internal Medicine Resident, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry and Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):797-801. doi: 10.12669/pjms.35.3.844.
To determine frequency of electrolyte imbalance including sodium, chloride, potassium and magnesium levels present in patients with uncontrolled diabetes at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.
This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Medicine Department, Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from March 2017 to October 2017. A total of one hundred and eighty one admitted and OPD patients with uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c more than 7%) were included and their demographics, comorbidities, microvascular complications, drug history, fasting and random blood glucose and serum electrolyte levels were recorded.
In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, decrease in serum sodium and chloride levels were observed to be statistically highly significant (p-value less than or equal to 0.05) while that of potassium and magnesium showed insignificant alterations. Sodium level was also observed to decline with increasing pattern of urine for microalbumin.
Electrolyte imbalance is markedly present in patients with uncontrolled blood sugars therefore serum electrolytes should be routinely measured in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum fasting blood glucose can be used as a predictor for electrolytes.
确定卡拉奇一家三级护理医院中未控制糖尿病患者的电解质失衡频率，包括钠、氯、钾和镁水平。
这是一项描述性横断面研究，于2017年3月至2017年10月在巴基斯坦卡拉奇的达鲁勒谢哈特医院内科进行。共纳入181例住院和门诊的未控制糖尿病患者（糖化血红蛋白大于7%），记录他们的人口统计学特征、合并症、微血管并发症、用药史、空腹和随机血糖以及血清电解质水平。
在未控制的糖尿病中，血清钠和氯水平的降低具有高度统计学意义（p值小于或等于0.05），而钾和镁的变化不显著。随着微量白蛋白尿模式的增加，钠水平也呈下降趋势。
血糖未控制的患者明显存在电解质失衡，因此2型糖尿病患者应常规检测血清电解质。空腹血糖可作为电解质的预测指标。
