Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, USA.
Psychol Health. 2020 Mar;35(3):318-345. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1634200. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
We assessed the effectiveness of mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII), an established self-regulatory strategy, as a brief online smoking behaviour change intervention. We expected that MCII would enhance smoking reduction among the highly cigarette dependent because MCII is most effective for challenging pursuits. Participants interested in reducing or quitting smoking were recruited online via Amazon Mechanical Turk. At Time 1, we assessed cigarette dependence using the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-5), then administered one of two brief self-help interventions: MCII ( = 172) or a government-promoted control strategy ( = 174). Participants were invited to complete an online follow-up survey 4 weeks later (Time 2). At Time 1 and Time 2, we measured recent cigarette smoking with a retrospective, self-report questionnaire. We used these reports to compute smoking reduction scores, with an intent-to-treat approach. MCII increased smoking reduction compared to the control strategy at high, but not low, levels of cigarette dependence. We found preliminary evidence consistent with MCII, delivered as a brief online intervention, as an effective smoking reduction strategy for highly dependent cigarette smokers. Further research is needed on MCII as a smoking behaviour change intervention.
我们评估了心理对比与实施意向（MCII）的有效性，这是一种既定的自我调节策略，作为一种简短的在线吸烟行为改变干预措施。我们预计 MCII 将增强对高度依赖香烟的人的吸烟减少，因为 MCII 对具有挑战性的追求最有效。有兴趣减少或戒烟的参与者通过亚马逊 Mechanical Turk 在线招募。在时间 1，我们使用香烟依赖量表（CDS-5）评估香烟依赖程度，然后进行两种简短的自助干预措施之一：MCII（ = 172）或政府推广的控制策略（ = 174）。参与者被邀请在 4 周后（时间 2）完成在线随访调查。在时间 1 和时间 2，我们使用回顾性自我报告问卷测量最近的吸烟情况。我们使用这些报告计算吸烟减少分数，采用意向治疗方法。在高但不在低香烟依赖水平下，MCII 与控制策略相比增加了吸烟减少。我们发现了初步的证据，表明作为一种简短的在线干预措施，MCII 作为一种有效的吸烟减少策略，对高度依赖香烟的吸烟者有效。需要进一步研究 MCII 作为一种吸烟行为改变干预措施。
