Chan K N, Chakrabarti M K, Whitwam J G, Silverman M
Department of Paediatrics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London.
Arch Dis Child. 1988 Feb;63(2):162-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.63.2.162.
A new valveless ventilator, which uses an air jet to provide the driving force for positive pressure ventilation, was used on 13 newborn babies (10 of very low birthweight) who had severe respiratory disease. The ventilator differs from 'true' jet ventilators in that its driving gas does not take part in gas exchange. Functionally it is a pressure pre-set, time-cycled ventilator, whose performance is characterised by the rapid and precise maintenance of both inspiratory and expiratory airway opening pressure. All the babies had progressively worsening respiratory failure (mean values of arterial pCO2 were 9.46 kPa, with a pH of 7.14, and an inspired oxygen concentration of 92.5%) on conventional mechanical ventilation. On the new ventilator, with the same settings, there was a dramatic and highly significant improvement within 20 to 30 minutes (mean values of arterial pCO2 were 6.45 kPa, pH 7.26, and inspired oxygen concentration 85.7%). This improvement was maintained. The new ventilator represents an important advance in the management of babies with severe respiratory failure.
一种新型无阀呼吸机被应用于13名患有严重呼吸系统疾病的新生儿（其中10名出生体重极低），该呼吸机利用气流喷射为正压通气提供驱动力。这种呼吸机与“真正的”喷射呼吸机不同，其驱动气体不参与气体交换。从功能上来说，它是一种压力预设、时间切换的呼吸机，其性能特点是能快速、精确地维持吸气和呼气气道开口压力。所有这些婴儿在接受传统机械通气时，呼吸衰竭都在逐渐加重（动脉血二氧化碳分压平均值为9.46千帕，pH值为7.14，吸入氧浓度为92.5%）。使用新型呼吸机并设置相同参数后，在20至30分钟内就有了显著且极为明显的改善（动脉血二氧化碳分压平均值为6.45千帕，pH值为7.26，吸入氧浓度为85.7%）。这种改善得以维持。新型呼吸机代表了严重呼吸衰竭患儿治疗方面的一项重要进展。
