Rao M S
Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1987;6(4):665-76. doi: 10.1007/BF00047473.
In order to understand the evolution, histogenesis, and biological behaviour of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, some reproducible experimental models have been developed in certain rodent species. To date, more than 16 chemicals, many of them structurally unrelated, have been shown to induce pancreatic tumors. Although some of these chemicals appear species specific in their effect on the pancreas, others have been shown to be capable of inducing pancreatic tumors in more than one species. In hamsters, the administration of diisopropylnitrosamine or its oxidized metabolites leads to the development of ductal adenocarcinomas that histologically resemble human pancreatic carcinomas. The histogenesis of the ductal type of adenocarcinoma in hamsters is complex, and appears to involve both the duct cells and dedifferentiated acinar cells. All pancreatic tumors in rats develop from acinar cells showing variable degrees of differentiation, regardless of the type of carcinogen used. The type of pancreatic lesions that develop in mice are also of acinar cell origin. In guinea pigs the tumors are adenocarcinomas of the ductal type and are shown to be derived from dedifferentiated acinar cells that have undergone duct-like transformation. Irrespective of the type of tumor that develops in these experimental animals, all of these models can be successfully used to evaluate the various modifying (risk) factors and biological behaviour of these neoplasms.
为了了解外分泌性胰腺癌的演变、组织发生和生物学行为，已在某些啮齿动物物种中开发了一些可重复的实验模型。迄今为止，已证明有超过16种化学物质可诱发胰腺肿瘤，其中许多在结构上并无关联。尽管其中一些化学物质对胰腺的影响似乎具有物种特异性，但其他一些化学物质已被证明能够在不止一个物种中诱发胰腺肿瘤。在仓鼠中，给予二异丙基亚硝胺或其氧化代谢产物会导致导管腺癌的发生，其组织学特征类似于人类胰腺癌。仓鼠导管型腺癌的组织发生较为复杂，似乎涉及导管细胞和去分化的腺泡细胞。大鼠的所有胰腺肿瘤均由显示不同程度分化的腺泡细胞发展而来，无论使用何种致癌物。小鼠发生的胰腺病变类型也起源于腺泡细胞。在豚鼠中，肿瘤为导管型腺癌，显示源自经历了导管样转化的去分化腺泡细胞。无论这些实验动物中发生何种类型的肿瘤，所有这些模型均可成功用于评估这些肿瘤的各种修饰（风险）因素和生物学行为。
