Department of Chemistry and Institute for Coatings and Surface Chemistry, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Adlerstr. 1, 47798, Krefeld, Germany.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Modelling and High-Performance Computing, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Reinarzstr. 49, 47805, Krefeld, Germany.
Chemistry. 2019 Oct 8;25(56):12855-12864. doi: 10.1002/chem.201901746. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
Cyanines covering the absorption in the near infrared (NIR) are attractive for distinct applications. They can interact either with lasers exhibiting line-shaped focus emitting at both 808 and 980 nm or bright high intensity NIR-LEDs with 805 nm emission, respectively. This is drawing attention to Industry 4.0 applications. The major deactivation occurs through a non-radiative process resulting in the release of heat into the surrounding, although a small fraction of radiative deactivation also takes place. Most of these NIR-sensitive systems possess an internal activation barrier to react in a photonic process with initiators resulting in the generation of reactive radicals and acidic cations. Thus, the heat released by the NIR absorber helps to bring the system, consisting of an NIR sensitizer and initiator, above such internal barriers. Molecular design strategies making these systems more compatible with distinct applications in a certain oleophilic surrounding are considered as a big challenge. This includes variations of the molecular pattern and counter ions derived from super acids exhibiting low coordinating properties. Further discussion focusses on the use of such systems in Chemistry 4.0 related applications. Intelligent software tools help to improve and optimize these systems combining chemistry, engineering based on high-throughput formulation screening (HTFS) technologies, and machine learning algorithms to open up novel solutions in material sciences.
近红外（NIR）吸收的菁染料在特定应用中很有吸引力。它们可以分别与发射 808nm 和 980nm 线聚焦激光或 805nm 发射的明亮高强度 NIR-LED 相互作用。这引起了人们对工业 4.0 应用的关注。主要的失活是通过非辐射过程发生的，导致热量释放到周围环境中，尽管也有一小部分辐射失活发生。这些近红外敏感系统中的大多数都具有内在的活化能障碍，以与引发剂在光物理过程中反应，从而产生反应性自由基和酸性阳离子。因此，近红外吸收剂释放的热量有助于使包含近红外敏化剂和引发剂的系统克服这种内在障碍。将这些系统设计得更能适应特定亲油性环境中的各种应用被认为是一个巨大的挑战。这包括分子模式和衍生自具有低配位性能的超强酸的抗衡离子的变化。进一步的讨论集中在这些系统在与化学 4.0 相关的应用中的使用。智能软件工具通过结合化学、基于高通量配方筛选（HTFS）技术的工程和机器学习算法，帮助改进和优化这些系统，为材料科学开辟新的解决方案。
