Rodríguez-Hidalgo Antonio J, Pantaleón Yisela, Calmaestra Juan
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Education, University Laica Eloy Alfaro of Manabí, Manta, Ecuador.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jun 19;10:1383. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01383. eCollection 2019.
This study aimed to analyze the levels of personal aggression and victimization, ethnic-cultural aggression and victimization, self-esteem, empathy, social skills and gender in adolescents as potential predictors of bullying in Spain and Ecuador. The wide pluricultural sample comprised secondary education students from both countries ( = 25,190, average age = 13.92, SD = 1.306; = 14,437; = 10,753), who took part in the study by filling in a self-report. The results revealed that predictive models of bullying for both countries explain 50-70% of variance. A transnational predictive pattern of personal victimization can be observed based on the levels of ethnic-cultural victimization, ethnic-cultural aggression, personal aggression, self-deprecation, and affective empathy. A transnational predictive pattern of personal aggression is evidenced depending on the levels of ethnic-cultural aggression, personal victimization, self-deprecation, ethnic-cultural victimization, and the fact of being female. We concluded that bullying can largely be predicted by involvement in ethnic-cultural discrimination. These results are discussed, and educational inferences are drawn for prevention.
本研究旨在分析青少年的个人攻击和受欺负程度、种族文化攻击和受欺负程度、自尊、同理心、社交技能及性别，将其作为西班牙和厄瓜多尔校园欺凌的潜在预测因素。广泛的多元文化样本包括来自两国的中学生（n = 25190，平均年龄 = 13.92，标准差 = 1.306；西班牙 = 14437；厄瓜多尔 = 10753），他们通过填写一份自我报告参与了该研究。结果显示，两国校园欺凌的预测模型解释了50%至70%的方差。基于种族文化受欺负程度、种族文化攻击、个人攻击、自我贬低和情感同理心的水平，可以观察到个人受欺负的跨国预测模式。根据种族文化攻击、个人受欺负、自我贬低、种族文化受欺负程度以及女性身份这一事实，证明了个人攻击的跨国预测模式。我们得出结论，校园欺凌在很大程度上可通过参与种族文化歧视来预测。对这些结果进行了讨论，并得出了预防方面的教育推论。
