Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, P.O.Box LG 84, Legon, Ghana.
J Environ Public Health. 2019 Jun 4;2019:3983869. doi: 10.1155/2019/3983869. eCollection 2019.
People's access to quality water and sanitation resources significantly improves their health. Using the 2014 Ghana DHS dataset, multilevel robust Poisson regression modelling was performed to investigate the factors that enhance Ghanaian households' access to improved sources of drinking water and toilet facilities. The results indicated that household head and household socioeconomic factors have significant effects on access to improved sources of drinking water and toilet facilities, and this varies from one community of residence to another. The following households had a higher probability of having access to improved sources of drinking water: female-headed households, households with heads who had at least attained middle-school-level education, urban households, and nonpoorest households. Correspondingly, the following households were more likely to have access to improved toilet facilities: female-headed households had a higher chance of access, as well as those whose heads had at least middle-school-level education, were at least 35 years old, or were currently married, rural households, households with a minimum of seven members, and households who attained at least middle wealth status. In their efforts to increase citizens' access to improved water and sanitation facilities, the government and other development organizations should develop citizens' wealth-creation capacities and enable their attainment of formal education.
人们获得优质的水和卫生资源可显著改善其健康状况。本研究使用 2014 年加纳 DHS 数据集，采用多级稳健泊松回归模型，旨在探究可提升加纳家庭获得改良饮用水源和卫生设施的因素。结果表明，家庭户主和家庭社会经济因素对获得改良饮用水源和卫生设施具有显著影响，且这种影响因居住社区的不同而有所差异。以下家庭更有可能获得改良饮用水源：女性户主家庭、户主至少接受过中学教育的家庭、城镇家庭和非最贫困家庭。相应地，以下家庭更有可能获得改良的卫生设施：女性户主家庭有更高的机会获得改良卫生设施，而户主至少接受过中学教育、年龄至少 35 岁或已婚、农村家庭、家庭至少有 7 名成员以及达到中等财富地位的家庭也更有可能获得改良的卫生设施。为了增加公民获得改良的水和卫生设施的机会，政府和其他发展组织应增强公民的创富能力，并使他们获得正规教育。
