Sinclair J D, Taira T
Research Laboratories of the Finnish Alcohol Company (Alko Ltd), Helsinki.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1988;94(2):161-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00176838.
The recent finding of rebound hyperthermia in rats on the day after a single IP injection or oral intubation of ethanol was confirmed. In our studies, body temperature measured by rectal probe was significantly decreased for 8 h after 2.5 g/kg ethanol IP and was then significantly elevated 16-24 h after injection; increased vocalization during handling at 24 h was also found. However, rats isolated in a sound-attenuation chamber with remote temperature measurement showed no hyperthermia even though they were hypothermic during intoxication. The results do not support the hypothesis that rebound hyperthermia was caused by either a disruption of circadian rhythms, or by a mild abstinence syndrome alone. Instead, it appears that external stimuli, perhaps related to stress or associated with ethanol administration, are necessary on the day after a moderate dose of ethanol to produce the hyperthermia. Like hangover in humans, hyperthermia was reduced in rats made tolerant to ethanol: both the hypothermia and the rebound hyperthermia were significantly lower on the day after the 12th alternate-day ethanol injection than after the first injection. The aftereffects in rats of acute intoxication are, by definition, hangover signs, and they resemble hangover in humans in several ways, but their relevance as an animal model of hangover remains to be determined.
近期关于大鼠在单次腹腔注射或口服乙醇后次日出现体温反弹性升高的研究结果得到了证实。在我们的研究中，经直肠探头测量，2.5 g/kg乙醇腹腔注射后8小时体温显著降低，然后在注射后16 - 24小时显著升高；在24小时处理期间还发现发声增加。然而，置于带有远程温度测量的隔音室中的大鼠，尽管在中毒期间体温过低，但并未出现体温反弹性升高。这些结果不支持体温反弹性升高是由昼夜节律紊乱或仅由轻度戒酒综合征引起的假说。相反，似乎在中等剂量乙醇摄入后的次日，外部刺激（可能与应激有关或与乙醇给药相关）对于产生体温反弹性升高是必要的。与人类的宿醉一样，对乙醇产生耐受性的大鼠体温反弹性升高有所降低：在第12次隔日乙醇注射后的次日，低温和体温反弹性升高均显著低于首次注射后。急性中毒对大鼠的后续影响，从定义上讲，就是宿醉症状，它们在几个方面与人类宿醉相似，但它们作为宿醉动物模型的相关性仍有待确定。
