互动教育与儿童行人相关伤害发生率降低有关。
Interactive Education is Associated With Lower Incidence of Pedestrian-Related Injury in Children.
机构信息
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
出版信息
J Surg Res. 2019 Dec;244:57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.015. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
BACKGROUND
Pedestrian-related injuries are a significant contributor to preventable mortality and disability in children. We hypothesized that interactive pedestrian safety education is associated with increased knowledge, safe crosswalk behaviors, and lower incidence of pedestrian-related injuries in elementary school-aged children.
METHODS
An interactive street-crossing simulation was implemented at target elementary schools in Los Angeles County beginning in 2009. Mixed-methods were used to evaluate the impact of this intervention. Multiple-choice examinations were used to test pedestrian safety knowledge, anonymous observations were used to assess street-crossing behaviors, and statewide traffic records were used to report pedestrian injuries in elementary school-aged (4-11 y) children in participating school districts. Pedestrian injury incidence was compared 1 y before and after the intervention, standardized to the incidence in the entire City of Los Angeles.
RESULTS
A total of 1424 and 1522 children completed the pretest and post-test, respectively. Correct answers increased for nine of ten questions (all P < 0.01). Children more frequently looked both ways before crossing the street after the intervention (10% versus 41%, P < 0.001). There were 6 reported pedestrian-related injuries in intervention school districts in the year before the intervention and 2 injuries in the year after the intervention, resulting in a significantly lower injury incidence (standardized rate ratio 0.28; 95% CI, 0.11-0.73).
CONCLUSION
Pedestrian safety education at Los Angeles elementary schools was associated with increased knowledge, safe street-crossing behavior, and lower incidence of pediatric pedestrian-related injury. Formal pedestrian safety education should be considered with injury prevention efforts in similar urban communities.
背景
行人相关伤害是导致儿童可预防死亡和残疾的重要原因。我们假设互动式行人安全教育与儿童行人相关伤害发生率降低有关，其与增加知识、安全过街行为有关。
方法
从 2009 年开始，在洛杉矶县的目标小学实施了互动式过街模拟。采用混合方法评估干预措施的效果。使用多项选择题考试测试行人安全知识，使用匿名观察评估过街行为，并使用全州交通事故记录报告参与学区 4-11 岁儿童的行人伤害情况。将行人伤害发生率与干预前一年进行比较，以洛杉矶市的发生率为标准。
结果
共有 1424 名和 1522 名儿童分别完成了预测试和后测试。十个问题中有九个的正确答案增加（均 P<0.01）。干预后，儿童在过马路前更频繁地双向看（10%对 41%，P<0.001）。干预学区在干预前一年报告了 6 例行人相关伤害，干预后一年报告了 2 例伤害，导致伤害发生率显著降低（标准化发生率比 0.28；95%CI，0.11-0.73）。
结论
洛杉矶小学的行人安全教育与知识增加、安全过街行为和儿童行人相关伤害发生率降低有关。在类似的城市社区，应考虑将正式的行人安全教育纳入伤害预防工作中。
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