Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Sep 1;256:550-559. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.026. Epub 2019 Jun 22.
Both rumination, a pattern of repetitive, self-focused thought in response to distress, and deficits in executive functions (EFs), a set of cognitive abilities that facilitate higher-order thinking, have transdiagnostic associations with psychopathology. Although empirical studies suggest associations between EFs and rumination, this literature has not examined subtypes of rumination and different components of EFs. It also has not examined whether rumination and EFs explain overlapping variance in psychopathology, which is relevant to theoretical models suggesting that rumination might mediate the EF-psychopathology association.
We used structural equation modeling to examine the association between latent factors for two types of rumination (anger and depressive) and three components of EF (a Common EF factor, and factors specific to updating working memory and shifting mental sets) and whether they independently relate to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in a population sample of 764 young adults (mean age 23 years) from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study.
Depressive and Anger Rumination showed small correlations with a Common EF factor (rs = -.09 to -.11). Anger Rumination and Common EF ability were associated with independent variance in externalizing psychopathology, whereas Depressive Rumination, but not Common EF, was associated with internalizing psychopathology.
Examination of cross-sectional relations in a population sample led to low symptom endorsement for psychopathology and necessitated examination of lifetime, rather than past-year, psychopathology.
Inconsistent with mediation hypotheses, Common EF abilities and rumination are correlated yet largely independent constructs that both predict psychopathology.
反刍思维是一种针对困扰的重复、自我关注的思维模式，而执行功能（EFs）缺陷则是一组促进更高阶思维的认知能力，它们与精神病理学都具有跨诊断关联。尽管实证研究表明 EF 与反刍思维之间存在关联，但该文献尚未检验反刍思维的亚型和 EF 的不同成分。它也没有检验反刍思维和 EF 是否解释了精神病理学的重叠方差，这与理论模型有关，这些模型表明反刍思维可能在 EF 与精神病理学的关联中起中介作用。
我们使用结构方程模型来检验两种类型的反刍思维（愤怒和抑郁）和 EF 的三个成分（一个共同 EF 因素，以及更新工作记忆和转移心理定势的特定因素）的潜在因素之间的关联，以及它们是否独立地与内化和外化精神病理学相关，这是在科罗拉多纵向双胞胎研究中对 764 名年轻成年人（平均年龄 23 岁）的人群样本中进行的。
抑郁和愤怒反刍与共同 EF 因素（rs=-.09 至-.11）显示出较小的相关性。愤怒反刍和共同 EF 能力与外化精神病理学的独立变异有关，而抑郁反刍，而不是共同 EF，与内化精神病理学有关。
在人群样本中检验横断面关系导致精神病理学的症状表达较低，需要检查终生而非过去一年的精神病理学。
与中介假设不一致的是，共同 EF 能力和反刍是相关的，但在很大程度上是独立的结构，它们都可以预测精神病理学。
