Friedman Naomi P, Hatoum Alexander S, Gustavson Daniel E, Corley Robin P, Hewitt John K, Young Susan E
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2020 May 1;8(3):519-538. doi: 10.1177/2167702619898814. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Laboratory executive function (EF) constructs, such as response inhibition, are often conceptually linked with self-report measures of impulsivity, yet their empirical correlations are low. We examined, in two twin studies (s=749 and 761 individuals with EF data), the phenotypic and genetic overlap of three EF latent variables (a Common EF factor predicting response inhibition, working memory updating, and mental set shifting tasks, and Updating- and Shifting-specific factors) with five impulsivity dimensions (negative and positive urgency, lack of premeditation and perseverance, and sensation seeking). In both samples, impulsivity dimensions only modestly correlated phenotypically (s= -.20-.11) and genetically (As= -.44-.04) with Common EF. In both samples, Common EF and multiple impulsivity dimensions, particularly negative urgency, independently predicted Externalizing psychopathology, and multiple impulsivity dimensions, but not Common EF, predicted Internalizing psychopathology. These results suggest that EFs and self-reported impulsivity tap different aspects of control that are both relevant for psychopathology.
实验室执行功能（EF）结构，如反应抑制，在概念上通常与冲动性的自我报告测量相关联，但其实证相关性较低。在两项双胞胎研究（分别有749名和761名有EF数据的个体）中，我们考察了三个EF潜在变量（一个预测反应抑制、工作记忆更新和心理定势转换任务的共同EF因子，以及更新和转换特定因子）与五个冲动性维度（消极和积极紧迫感、缺乏预谋和毅力以及寻求刺激）的表型和遗传重叠。在两个样本中，冲动性维度与共同EF在表型上（r = -0.20 - -0.11）和遗传上（A r = -0.44 - -0.04）的相关性都仅为中等程度。在两个样本中，共同EF和多个冲动性维度，特别是消极紧迫感，独立预测外化性精神病理学，多个冲动性维度而非共同EF预测内化性精神病理学。这些结果表明，执行功能和自我报告的冲动性反映了与精神病理学相关的不同控制方面。
