Yiu Loretta K, Watson Duane G
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2015 Dec;22(6):1701-8. doi: 10.3758/s13423-015-0828-1.
Some accounts of acoustic reduction propose that variation in word duration is a reflection of the speaker's internal production processes, but it is unclear why lengthening within a word benefits planning. The present study examines whether variability in word length is partly attributable to phonological encoding. In an event-description task, speakers produced words with longer durations when the word shared part of its phonology with a previously articulated word than when it did not. More importantly, lengthening was greater when the overlap was word-initial than when it was word-final. These differences in duration are in line with predictions of serial phonological competition models, which claim that words that overlap in onsets create more competition than words that overlap in offsets and are thus more difficult to produce. That word duration is sensitive to differences in production difficulty suggests a link between speakers' duration choices and phonological encoding. We propose that lengthening provides the production system with the necessary processing time to produce a word's sounds.
一些关于语音减少的描述认为，单词时长的变化反映了说话者内部的生成过程，但尚不清楚单词内部的延长为何有助于规划。本研究考察了单词长度的变化是否部分归因于音系编码。在一个事件描述任务中，当一个单词与之前说出的单词共享部分音系时，说话者说出该单词的时长会比不共享时更长。更重要的是，当重叠部分位于单词开头时的延长程度大于位于单词结尾时。这些时长上的差异与串行音系竞争模型的预测一致，该模型认为在起始部分重叠的单词比在结尾部分重叠的单词产生的竞争更多，因此更难生成。单词时长对生成难度差异敏感，这表明说话者的时长选择与音系编码之间存在联系。我们认为延长为生成系统提供了发出单词声音所需的处理时间。
