Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Control Release. 2019 Aug 28;308:172-189. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
Recent technological approaches in drug delivery have attracted scientist interest for improving therapeutic index of medicines and drug compliance. One of the powerful strategies to control the transportation of drugs is implementation of intelligent stimuli-responsive drug delivery system (DDS). In this regard, tumor tissues with unique characteristics including leaky vasculature and diverse enzyme expression profiles facilitate the development of efficient enzyme-responsive nanoscale delivery systems. Based on the stimuli nature (physical, chemical and biological), these systems can be categorized into three groups according to the nature of trigger initiating the drug release. Enzymes are substantial constituents of the biotechnology toolbox offering promising capabilities and ideal characteristics to accelerate chemical reactions. Nanoparticles which have the ability to trigger their cargo release in the presence of specific enzymes are fabricated implementing fascinating physico-chemical properties of different materials in a nanoscale dimension. In order to reduce the adverse effects of the therapeutic agents, nanocarriers can be utilized and modified with enzyme-labile linkages to provide on-demand enzyme-responsive drug release. In the current review, we give an overview of drug delivery systems which can deliver drugs to the tumor microenvironment and initiate the drug release in response to specific enzymes highly expressed in particular tumor tissues. This strategy offers a versatile platform for intelligent drug release at the site of action.
最近的药物输送技术方法引起了科学家们的兴趣，旨在提高药物的治疗指数和药物顺应性。控制药物运输的一种有力策略是实施智能刺激响应药物输送系统（DDS）。在这方面，具有独特特征的肿瘤组织，包括渗漏的血管和不同的酶表达谱，促进了高效酶响应纳米递药系统的发展。基于刺激性质（物理、化学和生物），这些系统可以根据引发药物释放的触发性质分为三组。酶是生物技术工具箱的重要组成部分，具有加速化学反应的有前途的能力和理想的特性。纳米颗粒具有在特定酶存在下触发其货物释放的能力，通过在纳米尺度上利用不同材料的迷人物理化学性质来制造。为了降低治疗剂的不良反应，可以利用纳米载体并对其进行酶不稳定连接的修饰，以按需提供酶响应药物释放。在当前的综述中，我们概述了可以将药物递送到肿瘤微环境并响应特定肿瘤组织中高度表达的特定酶释放药物的药物输送系统。该策略为在作用部位进行智能药物释放提供了一个多功能平台。
