Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York.
Biol Psychiatry. 2019 Oct 1;86(7):557-567. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.05.016. Epub 2019 May 29.
Impaired face emotion recognition (FER) and abnormal motion processing are core features in schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that have been linked to atypical activity within the visual cortex. Despite overlaps, only a few studies have directly explored convergent versus divergent neural mechanisms of altered visual processing in ASD and SZ. We employed a multimodal imaging approach to evaluate FER and motion perception in relation to functioning of subcortical and cortical visual regions.
Subjects were 20 high-functioning adults with ASD, 19 patients with SZ, and 17 control participants. Behavioral measures of coherent motion sensitivity and FER along with electrophysiological and functional magnetic resonance imaging measures of visual pattern and motion processing were obtained. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess the relationship between corticocortical and thalamocortical connectivity and atypical visual processing.
SZ and ASD participants had intercorrelated deficits in FER and motion sensitivity. In both groups, reduced motion sensitivity was associated with reduced functional magnetic resonance imaging activation in the occipitotemporal cortex and lower delta-band electroencephalogram power. In ASD, FER deficits correlated with hyperactivation of dorsal stream regions and increased evoked theta power. Activation of the pulvinar correlated with abnormal alpha-band modulation in SZ and ASD with under- and overmodulation, respectively, predicting increased clinical symptoms in both groups.
SZ and ASD participants showed equivalent deficits in FER and motion sensitivity but markedly different profiles of physiological dysfunction. The specific pattern of deficits observed in each group may help guide development of treatments designed to downregulate versus upregulate visual processing within the respective clinical groups.
在精神分裂症 (SZ) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中，面部情绪识别 (FER) 受损和运动处理异常是核心特征，这些特征与视觉皮层内的异常活动有关。尽管存在重叠，但只有少数研究直接探讨了 ASD 和 SZ 中视觉处理改变的会聚与发散神经机制。我们采用多模态成像方法，评估与皮质下和皮质视觉区域功能相关的 FER 和运动感知。
研究对象为 20 名高功能 ASD 成人、19 名 SZ 患者和 17 名对照组参与者。获得了连贯运动敏感性和 FER 的行为测量，以及视觉模式和运动处理的电生理和功能磁共振成像测量。静息态功能磁共振成像用于评估皮质间和丘脑皮质间连接与异常视觉处理之间的关系。
SZ 和 ASD 参与者的 FER 和运动敏感性存在相互关联的缺陷。在这两个组中，运动敏感性降低与枕颞叶皮质功能磁共振成像激活降低和 delta 波段脑电图功率降低有关。在 ASD 中，FER 缺陷与背侧流区的过度激活和诱发 theta 功率增加相关。丘脑枕的激活与 ASD 和 SZ 中的异常 alpha 波段调制相关，分别为过度和不足调制，这预测了两组中临床症状的增加。
SZ 和 ASD 参与者在 FER 和运动敏感性方面表现出同等的缺陷，但生理功能障碍的模式明显不同。在每个组中观察到的特定缺陷模式可能有助于指导旨在下调或上调各自临床组内视觉处理的治疗方法的开发。
