与斯基泰统治的开始和结束相关的，西欧亚草原遗传景观的转变。
Shifts in the Genetic Landscape of the Western Eurasian Steppe Associated with the Beginning and End of the Scythian Dominance.
机构信息
Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 23b Riia Street, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 23b Riia Street, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 23b Riia Street, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
出版信息
Curr Biol. 2019 Jul 22;29(14):2430-2441.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.019. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
The Early Iron Age nomadic Scythians have been described as a confederation of tribes of different origins, based on ancient DNA evidence [1-3]. It is still unclear how much of the Scythian dominance in the Eurasian Steppe was due to movements of people and how much reflected cultural diffusion and elite dominance. We present new whole-genome sequences of 31 ancient Western and Eastern Steppe individuals, including Scythians as well as samples pre- and postdating them, allowing us to set the Scythians in a temporal context (in the Western, i.e., Ponto-Caspian Steppe). We detect an increase of eastern (Altaian) affinity along with a decrease in eastern hunter-gatherer (EHG) ancestry in the Early Iron Age Ponto-Caspian gene pool at the start of the Scythian dominance. On the other hand, samples of the Chernyakhiv culture postdating the Scythians in Ukraine have a significantly higher proportion of Near Eastern ancestry than other samples of this study. Our results agree with the Gothic source of the Chernyakhiv culture and support the hypothesis that the Scythian dominance did involve a demic component.
早期铁器时代的游牧斯基泰人被描述为一个由不同起源的部落组成的联盟，这一观点基于古代 DNA 证据 [1-3]。斯基泰人在欧亚草原上的统治地位在多大程度上是由于人口的迁移，在多大程度上反映了文化的传播和精英阶层的主导地位，目前仍不清楚。我们提供了 31 名古代西部和东部草原个体的全基因组序列，其中包括斯基泰人以及在此之前和之后的样本，使我们能够在时间背景下（在西部，即，Pont-Caspian 草原）确定斯基泰人的位置。我们在斯基泰人统治的早期 Pont-Caspian 基因库中检测到东部（阿尔泰）亲缘关系的增加，同时东部狩猎采集者（EHG）祖先的减少。另一方面，在乌克兰，继斯基泰人之后的切尔尼亚霍夫文化的样本比本研究的其他样本具有更高比例的近东血统。我们的结果与哥特式的切尔尼亚霍夫文化来源一致，并支持这样一种假设，即斯基泰人的统治确实涉及到一个人口成分。
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