Zhou Jing, Liao Zhiyin, Jia Jia, Chen Jin-Liang, Xiao Qian
Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.
Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
PeerJ. 2019 Jul 1;7:e7199. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7199. eCollection 2019.
This study investigated the effects of resveratrol feeding and exercise training on the skeletal muscle function and transcriptome of aged rats. Male SD rats (25 months old) were divided into the control group (Old), the daily exercise training group (Trained), and the resveratrol feeding group (Resveratrol). After 6 weeks of intervention, the body mass, grip strength, and gastrocnemius muscle mass were determined, and the muscle samples were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed followed by GO enrichment analysis and KEGG analysis. The Old group showed positive increases in body mass, while both the Trained and Resveratrol groups showed negative growth. No significant differences in the gastrocnemius muscle index and absolute grip strength were found among the three groups. However, the relative grip strength was higher in the Trained group than in the Old group. Only 21 differentially expressed genes were identified in the Trained group vs. the Old group, and 12 differentially expressed genes were identified in the Resveratrol group vs. the Old group. The most enriched GO terms in the Trained group vs. the Old group were mainly associated with RNA metabolic processes and transmembrane transporters, and the significantly upregulated KEGG pathways included mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. The most enriched GO terms in the Resveratrol group vs. the Old group were primarily associated with neurotransmitter transport and synaptic vesicle, and the upregulated KEGG pathways included synaptic vesicle cycle, nicotine addiction, retinol metabolism, insulin secretion, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, and glutamatergic synapse. Neither exercise training nor resveratrol feeding has a notable effect on skeletal muscle function and related gene expression in aged rats. However, both exercise training and resveratrol feeding have strong effects on weight loss, which is beneficial for reducing the exercise loads of the elderly.
本研究调查了白藜芦醇喂养和运动训练对老年大鼠骨骼肌功能和转录组的影响。雄性SD大鼠（25月龄）被分为对照组（老年组）、每日运动训练组（训练组）和白藜芦醇喂养组（白藜芦醇组）。干预6周后，测定体重、握力和腓肠肌质量，并通过转录组测序分析肌肉样本。对差异表达基因进行分析，随后进行GO富集分析和KEGG分析。老年组体重呈正向增加，而训练组和白藜芦醇组均呈负增长。三组之间腓肠肌指数和绝对握力无显著差异。然而，训练组的相对握力高于老年组。训练组与老年组相比仅鉴定出21个差异表达基因，白藜芦醇组与老年组相比鉴定出12个差异表达基因。训练组与老年组中最富集的GO术语主要与RNA代谢过程和跨膜转运蛋白相关，显著上调的KEGG通路包括粘蛋白型O-聚糖生物合成、药物代谢和嘧啶代谢。白藜芦醇组与老年组中最富集的GO术语主要与神经递质转运和突触小泡相关，上调的KEGG通路包括突触小泡循环通道、尼古丁成瘾、视黄醇代谢、胰岛素分泌、逆行内源性大麻素信号传导和谷氨酸能突触。运动训练和白藜芦醇喂养对老年大鼠的骨骼肌功能和相关基因表达均无显著影响。然而，运动训练和白藜芦醇喂养对体重减轻均有显著作用，这有利于减轻老年人的运动负荷。
