Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2019 Oct;13(10):1815-1829. doi: 10.1002/term.2932. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
The field of tissue engineering is making great strides in developing replacement tissue grafts for clinical use, marked by the rapid development of novel biomaterials, their improved integration with cells, better-directed growth and differentiation of cells, and improved three-dimensional tissue mass culturing. One major obstacle that remains, however, is the lack of graft vascularization, which in turn renders many grafts to fail upon clinical application. With that, graft vascularization has turned into one of the holy grails of tissue engineering, and for the majority of tissues, it will be imperative to achieve adequate vascularization if tissue graft implantation is to succeed. Many different approaches have been developed to induce or augment graft vascularization, both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we highlight the importance of vascularization in tissue engineering and outline various approaches inspired by both biology and engineering to achieve and augment graft vascularization.
组织工程领域在开发用于临床应用的替代组织移植物方面取得了重大进展，其标志是新型生物材料的快速发展、它们与细胞的更好结合、更有针对性的细胞生长和分化，以及改进的三维组织大规模培养。然而，仍然存在一个主要障碍，即移植物血管化的缺乏，这反过来又导致许多移植物在临床应用中失败。因此，移植物血管化已成为组织工程的圣杯之一，对于大多数组织来说，如果要成功进行组织移植物植入，就必须实现足够的血管化。已经开发出许多不同的方法来诱导或增强移植物血管化，包括体外和体内方法。在这篇综述中，我们强调了血管化在组织工程中的重要性，并概述了受生物学和工程学启发的各种方法，以实现和增强移植物血管化。
