犬皮肤利什曼病的临床和组织病理学特征及犬利什曼原虫巴西利什曼原虫的分子特征。
Clinical and histopathologic features of canine tegumentary leishmaniasis and the molecular characterization of Leishmania braziliensis in dogs.
机构信息
Serviço de Imunologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
Instituto Gonçalo Moniz-Fiocruz-Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
出版信息
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Jul 16;13(7):e0007532. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007532. eCollection 2019 Jul.
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), caused by Leishmania braziliensis, is the most important presentation of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in Latin American. While the role of dogs as reservoirs of Leishmania infantum, and the clinic features of canine visceral leishmanisis are well described, little is known about the importance of dogs in the transmission of L. braziliensis to humans. In the present study, we determine the frequency of L. braziliensis infection in dogs with cutaneous and mucosal ulcers in an endemic area of CL. We also describe the clinical manifestations and histopathologic features, and determine if the parasites isolated from dogs are genetically similar to those found in humans.
METHODOLOGY
This is a cross sectional study in which 61 dogs living in an endemic area of CL and presenting ulcerated lesions were evaluated. Detection of L. braziliensis DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in skin biopsies, serology and leishmania skin test (LST) with soluble L. braziliensis antigen were performed. The clinical and histopathologic features were described, and we compared the genotypic characteristics of isolates obtained from dogs and humans.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
The sensitivity of the three tests together to detect exposure was 89% and the concordance between the tests was high. The skin lesions were most frequent in the ears, followed by scrotal sac. The PCR was positive in 41 (67%) of animals, and the lesions in the snout, followed by the scrotal sac and ears were the sites where parasite DNA was most detected. There were genotype similarities between L.braziliensis isolates from dogs and humans.
CONCLUSIONS
The high frequency of L. braziliensis infection in dogs with ulcers and the similarities between the isolates of L. braziliensis and cutaneous leishmaniasis in dogs and humans in an endemic area of TL, raise the possibility of an important role of dogs in the transmission chain of L. braziliensis.
背景
由巴西利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病（CL）是拉丁美洲皮肤利什曼病（TL）最重要的表现形式。虽然犬作为利什曼原虫婴儿的储主以及犬内脏利什曼病的临床特征已得到很好的描述，但对犬在巴西利什曼原虫传播给人类中的作用知之甚少。在本研究中，我们确定了在 CL 流行地区患有皮肤和粘膜溃疡的犬中巴西利什曼原虫感染的频率。我们还描述了临床表现和组织病理学特征，并确定从犬中分离出的寄生虫是否与在人类中发现的寄生虫具有遗传相似性。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，其中评估了 61 只生活在 CL 流行地区并出现溃疡性病变的犬。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测皮肤活检中的巴西利什曼原虫 DNA、血清学和可溶性巴西利什曼原虫抗原的利什曼皮肤试验（LST）。描述了临床和组织病理学特征，并比较了从犬和人类中分离出的分离株的基因型特征。
主要发现
三种检测方法联合检测暴露的敏感性为 89%，检测方法之间的一致性很高。皮肤病变最常见于耳部，其次是阴囊。41 只（67%）动物的 PCR 呈阳性，最易检测到寄生虫 DNA 的部位是鼻头，其次是阴囊和耳部。犬和人类巴西利什曼原虫分离株之间存在基因型相似性。
结论
在患有溃疡的犬中巴西利什曼原虫感染的高频率以及在 TL 流行地区犬和人类的皮肤利什曼病中分离株之间的相似性，提示犬在巴西利什曼原虫传播链中可能具有重要作用。
Zotero 插件