Khalil Mohammad, Zhang Zehua, Engel Matthias A
Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Visc Med. 2019 Mar;35(1):52-60. doi: 10.1159/000496838. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
Tissue homeostasis is controlled by multilateral cell interactions. Established in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, growing evidence shows a fundamental role of bidirectional communication between the nervous and immune systems in various gastrointestinal disorders. Primarily the primary sensory nervous system seems to play an important role in this cross talk because of its ability for transducing inflammatory signals and to convey them to the central nervous system, which in turn responds in an efferent manner (gut-brain axis vs. brain-gut axis). Moreover, sensory neurons that play a central role in pain processing immediately respond to inflammatory stimuli through releasing a myriad of immunomodulatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters whose receptors are expressed in different immune cell populations. Thus, a better understanding of neuro-immune networks will pave the way to novel therapeutic strategies in inflammatory as well as functional gastrointestinal disorders.
组织稳态由多边细胞相互作用控制。在中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病中已得到证实，越来越多的证据表明，神经和免疫系统之间的双向通信在各种胃肠道疾病中起着重要作用。主要是初级感觉神经系统似乎在这种相互作用中发挥重要作用，因为它能够转导炎症信号并将其传递给中枢神经系统，而中枢神经系统又以传出方式做出反应（肠-脑轴与脑-肠轴）。此外，在疼痛处理中起核心作用的感觉神经元通过释放大量免疫调节神经肽和神经递质立即对炎症刺激做出反应，这些神经肽和神经递质的受体在不同免疫细胞群体中表达。因此，更好地理解神经-免疫网络将为炎症性和功能性胃肠道疾病的新治疗策略铺平道路。
