Oberbauer Anita M, Belanger Janelle M, Famula Thomas R
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Nov 13;6:397. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00397. eCollection 2019.
Gonadectomy is an important reproductive management tool employed in many countries, and is highly prevalent in the US with an estimated 85% of dogs being neutered. Despite the societal benefits in pet population control, negative associations between neuter status, and health conditions have been reported in recent years. Most particularly observed are the consequences of early age neutering. Knowing that different physiological systems rely upon gonadal steroids during development and physiological maintenance, studies have been undertaken to assess the impact of neuter status on multiple body and organ systems. For some inherited conditions, neutering is associated with an increased risk of expression. Neutering has also been associated with altered metabolism and a predisposition for weight gain in dogs, which may confound the detected risk association between neutering and disease expression. This review summarizes the effects of neutering on cancer, orthopedic, and immune disorders in the dog and also explores the potentially exacerbating factor of body weight.
去势手术是许多国家采用的一种重要的生殖管理手段，在美国非常普遍，估计有85%的狗已被绝育。尽管在控制宠物数量方面有社会效益，但近年来有报道称绝育状态与健康状况之间存在负面关联。最特别的是早期绝育的后果。鉴于不同的生理系统在发育和生理维持过程中依赖性腺类固醇，人们已开展研究来评估绝育状态对多个身体和器官系统的影响。对于一些遗传性疾病，绝育与表达风险增加有关。绝育还与狗的新陈代谢改变和体重增加的易感性有关，这可能会混淆在绝育与疾病表达之间检测到的风险关联。本综述总结了绝育对犬类癌症、骨科和免疫疾病的影响，并探讨了体重这一潜在的加剧因素。
