Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, São Francisco Xavier, 524 - 7 andar, Bloco E, sala E-7017B, Maracanã, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil.
Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jul 18;19(1):965. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7289-9.
Obesity ranks as a major public health problem in many countries in the world. The obesity-socioeconomic status relationship is not well established in middle-income countries.
The aim of this study was to estimate the obesity and overweight trends from 2002 to 2013 by sex, age, and educational levels among Brazilian adults. The panel prevalence trend study was conducted, considering the sample weights and study design. Three nationwide surveys were analyzed: the Household Budget Survey 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, and the National Health Survey 2013. The total sample was 234,791 adults aged 20-59 years.
The prevalence of obesity increased from 7.5 to 17.0% from 2002 to 2013 among adults aged 20-39 years and from 14.7 to 25.7% among those aged 40-59 years, slightly higher among young women. In each survey, education was positively associated with the prevalence of obesity among men, whereas this association was negative among women. The greatest increase in the prevalence of obesity was 90% (11.9 to 22.5%) and occurred from 2008 to 2013 among women with secondary educational level, whereas at the pre-primary level there was a 42% (20.4 to 29.0%) increase.
Obesity prevalence in Brazil continued to increase, mostly among women with secondary education. Policies aimed at reducing the prevalence of obesity should consider sociodemographic characteristics in the population.
肥胖在世界上许多国家是一个主要的公共卫生问题。肥胖与社会经济地位的关系在中等收入国家尚未得到很好的确立。
本研究旨在估计巴西成年人中性别、年龄和教育水平的肥胖和超重趋势。考虑到样本权重和研究设计，进行了面板流行趋势研究。分析了三次全国性调查：家庭预算调查 2002/2003 年和 2008/2009 年，以及 2013 年全国健康调查。总样本为 234791 名 20-59 岁成年人。
2002 年至 2013 年期间，20-39 岁成年人的肥胖患病率从 7.5%上升至 17.0%，40-59 岁成年人的肥胖患病率从 14.7%上升至 25.7%，年轻女性的患病率略高。在每次调查中，教育与男性肥胖患病率呈正相关，而女性则呈负相关。肥胖患病率增幅最大的是女性，增幅为 90%（11.9%至 22.5%），发生在 2008 年至 2013 年期间，而在学前教育水平，肥胖患病率增加了 42%（20.4%至 29.0%）。
巴西肥胖的患病率继续上升，主要集中在具有中等教育水平的女性中。旨在降低肥胖患病率的政策应考虑人口的社会人口特征。
