喀麦隆儿科诊所急性登革热感染的横断面研究。
A cross-sectional study of acute dengue infection in paediatric clinics in Cameroon.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
Public School of Medical Laboratory Technicians, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jul 18;19(1):958. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7252-9.
BACKGROUND
Dengue fever is the world's fastest spreading mosquito borne viral infection. It is prevalent throughout both subtropical and tropical region, and affects over 128 countries. Dengue virus (DENV) infection poses a serious global public health challenge to three billion people, resulting in approximately 200 million cases of morbidity and 50,000 cases of mortality annually. In Cameroon like in most sub-Saharan African countries, DENV infection occur concurrently with other infectious diseases whose symptoms often overlap, rendering differential diagnosis challenging. This study aims at determining the frequency of acute dengue among febrile children under 15 years attending hospitals in some areas of Cameroon.
METHODS
A total of 961 children under the age of 15 were recruited in a cross-sectional study using systematic sampling technique and by selecting each subject out of the three. The study was conducted in 10 public health centers in Cameroon. Demographic data and risk factors of the subjects were obtained using well-structured questionnaires. Dengue virus NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG were analysed using a Tell me fast® Combo Dengue NS1-IgG/IgM Rapid Test. An in-house ELISA test for dengue specific IgM antibody was equally performed for confirmation. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Graph pad version 6.0.
RESULTS
A prevalence of 6.14% acute dengue virus infection was observed among children with febrile illness with a significant difference (p = 0.0488) between males (4.7%) and females (7.7%). In addition, children who reportedly were unprotected from vectors, showed a comparatively higher prevalence of the disease seropositivity than those practicing protective measures.
CONCLUSION
DENV infection therefore is an important cause of fever among children in Cameroon. Thus, there is a need to include differential screening for DENV infections as a tool in the management of fever in children in the country.
背景
登革热是全球传播速度最快的蚊媒病毒感染。它流行于亚热带和热带地区，影响 128 个国家以上。登革病毒（DENV）感染对 30 亿人构成严重的全球公共卫生挑战，每年导致约 2 亿例发病和 5 万例死亡。在喀麦隆，与在大多数撒哈拉以南非洲国家一样，DENV 感染与其他传染病同时发生，这些传染病的症状经常重叠，使得鉴别诊断具有挑战性。本研究旨在确定在喀麦隆部分地区就诊的 15 岁以下发热儿童急性登革热的频率。
方法
采用系统抽样技术，通过从每 3 个儿童中选择 1 个儿童，对 961 名 15 岁以下儿童进行了横断面研究。该研究在喀麦隆的 10 个公共卫生中心进行。使用结构良好的问卷获得研究对象的人口统计学数据和危险因素。使用 Tell me fast®Combo Dengue NS1-IgG/IgM Rapid Test 分析登革病毒 NS1 抗原、IgM 和 IgG。同样进行了内部 ELISA 试验以确认登革热特异性 IgM 抗体。使用 Graph pad 版本 6.0 进行描述性统计分析。
结果
在患有发热疾病的儿童中，急性登革病毒感染的患病率为 6.14%，男性（4.7%）和女性（7.7%）之间存在显著差异（p=0.0488）。此外，据报道未采取防蚊措施的儿童比采取防护措施的儿童疾病血清阳性率更高。
结论
因此，DENV 感染是喀麦隆儿童发热的重要原因。因此，有必要将 DENV 感染的差异筛查作为该国儿童发热管理的工具之一。
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