Centre de recherche CERVO, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, Canada.
Centre de recherche CERVO, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, Canada; Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Québec, Canada.
Schizophr Res. 2020 May;219:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.06.021. Epub 2019 Jul 15.
Visual defects are documented in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. One of the most consistent alterations in patients is a change in cone and rod electroretinographic (ERG) responses. We previously showed a reduced rod b-wave amplitude in a small sample of young offspring born to an affected parent. A confirmation of the patients ERG anomalies in young offspring at high genetic risk would offer a new approach to the neurodevelopmental investigation of the illness. We thus investigated cone and rod responses in a larger sample of young healthy high-risk offspring.
The ERG was recorded in 99 offspring of patients having DMS-IV schizophrenia, bipolar or major depressive disorder (mean age 16.03; SD 6.14) and in 223 healthy controls balanced for sex and age. The a- and b-wave latency and amplitude of cones and rods were recorded.
Cone b-wave latency was increased in offspring (ES = 0.31; P = 0.006) whereas rod b-wave amplitude was decreased (ES = -0.37; P = 0.001) and rod latency was increased (ES = 0.35; P = 0.002).
The ERG rod and cone abnormal response previously reported in adult patients having schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder are detectable in genetically high-risk offspring as early as in childhood and adolescence. Moreover, a gradient of effect sizes among offspring and the three adult diagnoses was found in the cone response. This suggests that ERG waveform as a risk endophenotype might become part of the definition of a "childhood risk syndrome".
视觉缺陷在精神疾病如精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和重性抑郁障碍中已有记载。患者最常见的改变之一是视锥和视杆电视网膜图（ERG）反应的改变。我们之前在一小部分受影响父母所生的年轻后代中发现了视杆 b 波振幅降低。在高遗传风险的年轻后代中确认患者的 ERG 异常将为该疾病的神经发育研究提供新的方法。因此，我们在更大的年轻健康高遗传风险后代样本中研究了视锥和视杆的反应。
在 99 名患有 DMS-IV 精神分裂症、双相情感障碍或重性抑郁障碍的患者的后代（平均年龄 16.03；SD 6.14）和 223 名健康对照者（按性别和年龄匹配）中记录了 ERG。记录了视锥和视杆的 a-和 b-波潜伏期和振幅。
后代的视锥 b 波潜伏期增加（ES=0.31；P=0.006），而视杆 b 波振幅降低（ES=-0.37；P=0.001）和视杆潜伏期增加（ES=0.35；P=0.002）。
先前在患有精神分裂症、双相情感障碍或重性抑郁障碍的成年患者中报告的 ERG 视杆和视锥异常反应在遗传高风险后代中早在儿童和青少年时期就可检测到。此外，在视锥反应中发现了后代和三种成年诊断之间的效应大小梯度。这表明 ERG 波形作为一种风险内表型可能成为“儿童风险综合征”定义的一部分。
