Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Molecules. 2019 Jul 18;24(14):2622. doi: 10.3390/molecules24142622.
Crops, such as white cabbage ( L. var. (L.) f. ), are often infested by herbivorous insects that consume the leaves directly or lay eggs with subsequent injury by caterpillars. The plants can produce various defensive metabolites or free radicals that repel the insects to avert further damage. To study the production and effects of these compounds, large white cabbage butterflies, and flea beetles, , were captured in a cabbage field and applied to plants cultivated in the lab. After insect infestation, leaves were collected and UV/Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC used to determine the content of stress molecules (superoxide), primary metabolites (amino acids), and secondary metabolites (phenolic acids and flavonoids). The highest level of superoxide was measured in plants exposed to fifty flea beetles. These plants also manifested a higher content of phenylalanine, a substrate for the synthesis of phenolic compounds, and in activation of total phenolics and flavonoid production. The levels of specific phenolic acids and flavonoids had higher variability when the dominant increase was in the flavonoid, quercetin. The leaves after flea beetle attack also showed an increase in ascorbic acid which is an important nutrient of cabbage.
作物，如白菜（L. var. (L.) f.），经常受到食草昆虫的侵害，这些昆虫直接吃掉叶子，或者产卵，随后毛毛虫会造成伤害。植物可以产生各种防御性代谢物或自由基，以击退昆虫，避免进一步的损害。为了研究这些化合物的产生和作用，从白菜田中捕获了大量的白蝴蝶和叶甲，然后将它们应用于实验室种植的植物上。在昆虫侵害后，收集叶片，并用 UV/Vis 分光光度法和 HPLC 来测定应激分子（超氧阴离子）、初级代谢物（氨基酸）和次级代谢物（酚酸和类黄酮）的含量。在暴露于五十只叶甲的植物中，超氧阴离子的含量最高。这些植物还表现出苯丙氨酸含量的升高，苯丙氨酸是酚类化合物合成的底物，并且总酚类和类黄酮的产生也被激活。当主要增加的是类黄酮槲皮素时，特定的酚酸和类黄酮的水平具有更高的可变性。在叶甲攻击后，叶片中的抗坏血酸（白菜的重要营养物质）也有所增加。
