Cambier Ruben, Derks Daantje, Vlerick Peter
Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, BE.
Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, NL.
Psychol Belg. 2019 Jun 27;59(1):227-245. doi: 10.5334/pb.477.
Technology has drastically reshaped the workplace over the past decades. While it provides organizations and their employees a variety of benefits, there is also a growing perception that technological advancements (e.g., the evolution from telephone to smartphone) in the workplace may have a negative impact on employees' mental health. Using a diary approach, we examined the direct effect of workplace telepressure during off-job hours on psychological detachment from work and the potential mediating role of work-related smartphone use during off-job hours in this relation. In addition, employees' individual differences in empathy was proposed to act as a cross-level moderator of the relation between workplace telepressure and work-related smartphone use. A sample of 80 employees, representing a wide range of occupations and organizations, completed a daily survey on five successive workdays ( = 337-400 day-level observations). Results of multilevel analyses yielded no direct effect of workplace telepressure on psychological detachment on a day-to-day basis. Yet, the results supported a negative indirect effect of daily workplace telepressure during off-job hours on daily psychological detachment, mediated via daily work-related smartphone use during off-job hours. Additionally, the relation between workplace telepressure and work-related smartphone use was not strengthened by the affective component nor the cognitive component of other-oriented empathy. Our study highlights the importance of a clear organizational policy regarding work-related smartphone use during off-job hours and provides valuable input for strategies aiming to ameliorate employees' psychological detachment and proper smartphone use.
在过去几十年里，技术极大地重塑了工作场所。虽然它为组织及其员工带来了各种益处，但人们也越来越意识到工作场所的技术进步（例如，从电话到智能手机的演变）可能会对员工的心理健康产生负面影响。我们采用日记法，研究了非工作时间的工作场所远程压力对工作心理脱离的直接影响，以及非工作时间与工作相关的智能手机使用在这种关系中可能起到的中介作用。此外，我们还提出员工在同理心方面的个体差异会作为工作场所远程压力与工作相关智能手机使用之间关系的跨层次调节变量。一个由80名员工组成的样本，代表了广泛的职业和组织，在连续五个工作日完成了每日调查（N = 337 - 400个日层面观察值）。多层次分析结果显示，工作场所远程压力在日常层面上对心理脱离没有直接影响。然而，研究结果支持了非工作时间的日常工作场所远程压力通过非工作时间与工作相关的智能手机使用对日常心理脱离产生的负面间接影响。此外，以他人为导向的同理心的情感成分和认知成分都没有加强工作场所远程压力与工作相关智能手机使用之间的关系。我们的研究强调了制定明确的关于非工作时间与工作相关的智能手机使用的组织政策的重要性，并为旨在改善员工心理脱离和合理使用智能手机的策略提供了有价值的参考。
