Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , PR China.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2019 Aug-Sep;31(5-6):471-490. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1636005. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
There is an increase in interest in the relationships between loneliness and psychosis. The notion of psychosis continuum implies that psychotic experiences extend from clinical populations with psychotic disorders to non-clinical populations. This meta-analytic review aimed to examine the respective associations of loneliness with positive and negative psychotic experiences along the psychosis continuum. A systematic database search was conducted and a total of 30 studies were included in the first meta-analysis and 15 studies were included in the second meta-analysis. There was a medium association between loneliness and positive psychotic experiences ( = 0.302, < 0.001). In particular, the association between loneliness and paranoia was robust ( = 0.448, < 0.001). The second meta-analysis revealed a medium association between loneliness and negative psychotic experiences ( = 0.347, < 0.001). The associations between loneliness and both positive and negative psychotic experiences were found to be smaller among clinical than non-clinical samples. The above findings provided evidence for the associations between loneliness and the two core dimensions of psychotic experiences along the phenomenological continuum. Future research should examine the dynamics of these relationships in both clinical and non-clinical samples, preferably using a single-symptom approach.
孤独感与精神病之间的关系越来越受到关注。精神病连续体的概念表明，精神病体验从有精神病障碍的临床人群扩展到非临床人群。本荟萃分析旨在考察孤独感与精神病连续体上阳性和阴性精神病体验之间的各自关联。进行了系统的数据库搜索，共有 30 项研究纳入了第一项荟萃分析，15 项研究纳入了第二项荟萃分析。孤独感与阳性精神病体验之间存在中等关联（ = 0.302， < 0.001）。特别是，孤独感与妄想之间的关联非常强（ = 0.448， < 0.001）。第二项荟萃分析显示，孤独感与阴性精神病体验之间存在中等关联（ = 0.347， < 0.001）。与非临床样本相比，孤独感与阳性和阴性精神病体验之间的关联在临床样本中较小。上述发现为孤独感与精神病体验的两个核心维度沿现象连续体之间的关联提供了证据。未来的研究应在临床和非临床样本中更好地使用单一症状方法，检验这些关系的动态变化。
