Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester, United Kingdom (UK).
Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester, United Kingdom (UK).
Clin Psychol Rev. 2021 Dec;90:102081. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102081. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
Negative self and negative other schema have been implicated in the development of paranoia. The current study provides a meta-analysis, narrative review and quality appraisal of quantitative studies investigating the relationship between negative self and negative other schema and paranoia across the paranoia continuum. A systematic search identified 43 eligible studies; 25 were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analytic findings demonstrated a medium to large relationship between paranoia and negative self-schema (r = 0.46, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.53) and negative other schema (r = 0.48, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.56). The magnitude of associations was similar across people with and without psychosis. Findings demonstrated that associations between negative self-schema and paranoia were not always statistically significant when controlling for confounding variables, particularly depression. The association between negative other schema and paranoia tended to remain significant when controlling for confounding variables. Findings also demonstrated that negative schema may mediate relationships between adverse experiences in childhood and paranoia. Overall, findings support theoretical proposals that both negative self and negative other schema are associated with paranoia. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm the direction of effects. Findings provide support for incorporating and targeting negative self and negative other schema in psychological formulations and therapeutic work.
消极自我和消极他人图式被认为与偏执的发展有关。本研究对调查偏执连续体中消极自我和消极他人图式与偏执之间关系的定量研究进行了荟萃分析、叙述性综述和质量评估。系统搜索确定了 43 项合格研究；25 项研究被纳入荟萃分析。荟萃分析结果表明，偏执与消极自我图式（r=0.46，95%置信区间 0.39 至 0.53）和消极他人图式（r=0.48，95%置信区间 0.38 至 0.56）之间存在中等至较大的关系。在有和没有精神病的人群中，关联的大小相似。研究结果表明，在控制混杂变量（尤其是抑郁）时，消极自我图式与偏执之间的关联并不总是具有统计学意义。当控制混杂变量时，消极他人图式与偏执之间的关联往往仍然显著。研究结果还表明，消极图式可能在童年期不良经历与偏执之间起中介作用。总的来说，研究结果支持了这样的理论假设，即消极自我和消极他人图式都与偏执有关。需要进行纵向研究来确认影响的方向。研究结果为在心理模型和治疗工作中纳入和针对消极自我和消极他人图式提供了支持。
