Williamson Selena, McGrath Jacqueline M
School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Ms Williamson); and School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (Dr McGrath). Ms Williamson is a BS undergraduate nursing student.
Adv Neonatal Care. 2019 Aug;19(4):294-310. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000578.
BACKGROUND/SIGNIFICANCE: Premature infants often experience extended stays in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) as opposed to home with parents. This prolonged separation creates a strain for both parents and infants, decreasing attachment and parental caregiving. One strategy to combat this shared stress is increasing parental participation, particularly through the use of their voices whether parents are present or not.
This Evidence-Based Practice Brief column explores the connection between mother and child, specifically the effects of maternal voice on infant autonomic stability, weight gain, and behavioral states.
A systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycInfo was used to identify studies involving the use of maternal voice intervention with preterm infants in the NICU.
Fifteen studies were identified. Three intervention categories emerged: (1) live maternal speech, (2) recorded maternal speech (subcategories included whether intervention content was prescribed or not), and (3) recorded maternal speech that was combined with biological maternal sounds (heart rate). Within each category, studies were organized chronologically to reflect how knowledge has changed overtime.
Maternal voice has physiological as well as behavioral and emotional effect on preterm infants. Several studies found that maternal voice increased autonomic stability improving (heart rate and respirations) as well as weight gain. No negative effects were identified. Given these findings, incorporating different types of maternal voice into routine care by the bedside nurse can assist the mother in feeling more involved in her infant's care without seemingly being a distraction or obstacle to providers.
A major limitation for generalizability was sample size; more research is needed with larger sample sizes replicating interventions types to discern best outcomes.Video Abstract available at https://journals.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/Pages/videogallery.aspx?videoId=31&autoPlay=true.
背景/意义：与和父母在家中相比，早产儿通常需要在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）长时间停留。这种长期分离给父母和婴儿都带来了压力，减少了依恋和父母的照料。应对这种共同压力的一种策略是增加父母的参与，特别是通过使用他们的声音，无论父母是否在场。
本循证实践简报专栏探讨母婴之间的联系，特别是母亲声音对婴儿自主稳定性、体重增加和行为状态的影响。
对CINAHL、PubMed和PsycInfo进行系统检索，以确定涉及在NICU对早产儿使用母亲声音干预的研究。
共识别出15项研究。出现了三类干预措施：（1）母亲现场讲话，（2）录制的母亲讲话（子类别包括干预内容是否有规定），以及（3）与母亲生物声音（心率）相结合的录制母亲讲话。在每个类别中，研究按时间顺序排列，以反映知识随时间的变化。
母亲的声音对早产儿有生理以及行为和情感上的影响。几项研究发现，母亲的声音增加了自主稳定性（改善心率和呼吸）以及体重增加。未发现负面影响。鉴于这些发现，床边护士将不同类型的母亲声音纳入常规护理中，可以帮助母亲感觉更多地参与到婴儿的护理中，而不会对医护人员造成干扰或阻碍。
可推广性的一个主要限制是样本量；需要更多研究，采用更大样本量并复制干预类型以确定最佳结果。视频摘要可在https://journals.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/Pages/videogallery.aspx?videoId=31&autoPlay=true获取。
