Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
Life Sci. 2019 Sep 15;233:116671. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116671. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise a clan of proteins involved in identification and triggering a suitable response against pathogenic attacks. As lung is steadily exposed to multiple infectious agents, antigens and host-derived danger signals, the inhabiting stromal and myeloid cells of the lung express an aggregate of TLRs which perceive the endogenously derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) along with pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger the TLR-associated signalling events involved in host defence. Thus, they form an imperative component of host defence activation in case of microbial infections as well as non-infectious pulmonary disorders such as interstitial lung disease, acute lung injury and airways disease, such as COPD and asthma. They also play an equally important role in lung cancer. Targeting the TLR signalling network would pave ways to the design of more reliable and effective vaccines against infectious agents and control deadly infections, desensitize allergens and reduce inflammation. Moreover, TLR agonists may act as adjuvants by increasing the efficiency of cancer vaccines, thereby contributing their role in treatment of lung cancer too. Overall, TLRs present a compelling and expeditiously bolstered area of research and addressing their signalling events would be of significant use in pulmonary diseases.
toll 样受体 (TLRs) 是一组参与识别和触发针对病原体攻击的适当反应的蛋白质。由于肺不断暴露于多种感染性病原体、抗原和宿主来源的危险信号，肺内的基质和髓样细胞表达一组 TLR，这些 TLR 可以识别内源性损伤相关分子模式 (DAMPs) 以及病原体相关分子模式 (PAMPs)，并触发与宿主防御相关的 TLR 相关信号事件。因此，它们是微生物感染和非传染性肺部疾病（如间质性肺疾病、急性肺损伤和气道疾病，如 COPD 和哮喘）中宿主防御激活的重要组成部分。它们在肺癌中也起着同样重要的作用。针对 TLR 信号网络的靶向治疗可能为设计针对感染性病原体的更可靠和有效的疫苗以及控制致命感染、使过敏原脱敏和减少炎症铺平道路。此外，TLR 激动剂可以作为佐剂通过提高癌症疫苗的效率来发挥作用，从而在治疗肺癌方面发挥作用。总的来说，TLRs 是一个引人注目的、迅速发展的研究领域，研究其信号事件将对肺部疾病的治疗有重要意义。
