Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades y Una Salud, Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, UNAM-CU, Coyoacán and CDMX CP 04510, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 3000, UNAM-CU, Coyoacán, CDMX. CP 04510, Mexico.
Viruses. 2019 Jul 12;11(7):642. doi: 10.3390/v11070642.
Hantaviruses are transmitted by rodents producing the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas. Today, no human cases of HPS have been reported in Mexico in spite of similar environmental conditions with Central America and the USA where several cases have occurred. To understand the current situation of hantaviruses in Mexico and the public health risk, a systematic review of studies was conducted reporting hantaviruses in rodents to known state seroprevalence and hantavirus genotypes. Simultaneously, this study identified the potential hantaviruses based on the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of hantaviruses reported in the Americas in hosts with the distribution in Mexico. A total 3862 rodents belonging to 82 species have been tested since 1999 to 2017. Overall, 392 individuals representing 43 rodent species were seropositive, and the seroprevalence ranged from 0 to 69.22%. Seven hantaviruses genotypes have been described in Mexico and three are zoonotic. Four host species of rodents are widely distributed in Mexico harboring the highest PD of viruses. According to the hosts distribution, 16 genotypes could be circulating in Mexico and some of these represent a potential risk for public health. This study proposed multidisciplinary and interinstitutional collaborations to implement systematic surveillance in rodents.
汉坦病毒通过产生汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）的啮齿动物传播。尽管与中美洲和美国的环境条件相似，但今天墨西哥仍未报告任何 HPS 人类病例，而在美国和中美洲已发生了几例。为了了解墨西哥汉坦病毒的现状和公共卫生风险，对报告啮齿动物中汉坦病毒的研究进行了系统评价，以了解已知州的血清流行率和汉坦病毒基因型。同时，这项研究根据在美洲报告的在宿主中具有墨西哥分布的汉坦病毒的系统发育多样性（PD），确定了潜在的汉坦病毒。自 1999 年至 2017 年，共检测了 3862 只属于 82 个物种的啮齿动物。总体而言，有 392 只代表 43 种啮齿动物的个体呈血清阳性，血清阳性率范围为 0 至 69.22%。在墨西哥已经描述了 7 种汉坦病毒基因型，其中 3 种是人畜共患的。有 4 种宿主广泛分布在墨西哥的啮齿动物，携带病毒的 PD 最高。根据宿主的分布，有 16 种基因型可能在墨西哥流行，其中一些可能对公共卫生构成潜在风险。这项研究建议多学科和机构间合作，在啮齿动物中实施系统监测。
