Biswas Saumik, Sarabusky Marie, Chakrabarti Subrata
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A5A5, Canada.
Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada.
J Clin Med. 2019 Jul 14;8(7):1033. doi: 10.3390/jcm8071033.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is reaching epidemic levels globally due to the increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). DR also has detrimental effects to quality of life, as it is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population and the most common cause of vision loss in individuals with DM. Over several decades, many studies have recognized the role of inflammation in the development and progression of DR; however, in recent years, accumulating evidence has also suggested that non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding (lncRNAs), are aberrantly expressed in diabetes and may play a putative role in the development and progression of DR through the modulation of gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, or epigenetic level. In this review, we will first highlight some of the key inflammatory mediators and transcription factors involved in DR, and we will then introduce the critical roles of lncRNAs in DR and inflammation. Following this, we will discuss the implications of lncRNAs in other epigenetic mechanisms that may also contribute to the progression of inflammation in DR.
由于糖尿病（DM）患病率的增加，糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）在全球正达到流行程度。DR对生活质量也有不利影响，因为它是工作年龄人群失明的主要原因，也是糖尿病患者视力丧失的最常见原因。几十年来，许多研究已经认识到炎症在DR发生和发展中的作用；然而，近年来，越来越多的证据也表明，非编码RNA，尤其是长链非编码（lncRNA），在糖尿病中异常表达，并可能通过在转录、转录后或表观遗传水平上调节基因表达，在DR的发生和发展中发挥假定作用。在这篇综述中，我们将首先强调一些参与DR的关键炎症介质和转录因子，然后介绍lncRNA在DR和炎症中的关键作用。在此之后，我们将讨论lncRNA在其他表观遗传机制中的意义，这些机制也可能有助于DR中炎症的进展。
