U-VIP: Unit for Visually Impaired People, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 23;9(1):10660. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47162-z.
Blind football, or Football 5-a-side, is a very popular sport amongst visually impaired individuals (VI) worldwide. However, little is known regarding the movement patterns these players perform in sports actions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether visually impaired players present changes in their movement patterns in specific functional tasks compared with sighted amateur football players. Six VI and eight sighted amateur football players performed two functional tasks: (1) 5 m shuttle test and (2) 60 s ball passing against a wall. The sighted players performed the tests while fully sighted (SIG) as well as blindfolded (BFO). During both tasks, full-body kinematics was recorded using an inertial motion capture system. The maximal center-of-mass speed and turning center-of-mass speed were computed during the 5 m shuttle test. Foot resultant speed, bilateral arm speed, and trunk flexion were measured during the 60 s ball passing test. The results showed that VI players achieved lower maximal and turning speed compared to SIG players (p < 0.05), but BFO were slower than the VI players. The VI players presented similar foot contact speed during passes when compared to SIG, but they presented greater arm movement speed (p < 0.05) compared to both SIG and BFO. In addition, VI players presented greater trunk flexion angles while passing when compared to both SIG and BFO (p < 0.05). It is concluded that VI players present slower speed while running and turning, and they adopt specific adaptations from arm movements and trunk flexion to perform passes.
盲人足球，或五人制足球，是一项在全世界视障人士中非常流行的运动。然而，对于这些运动员在体育动作中所表现出的运动模式，人们知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是确定与有视力的业余足球运动员相比，视障运动员在特定功能任务中的运动模式是否存在变化。六名视障和八名有视力的业余足球运动员进行了两项功能任务：（1）5 米穿梭测试和（2）60 秒对墙传球。有视力的运动员在完全有视力（SIG）和蒙住眼睛（BFO）的情况下进行测试。在这两项任务中，使用惯性运动捕捉系统记录全身运动学。在 5 米穿梭测试中计算了质心最大速度和转弯质心速度。在 60 秒传球测试中测量了脚总速度、双侧手臂速度和躯干屈曲。结果表明，与 SIG 运动员相比，VI 运动员的最大速度和转弯速度较低（p<0.05），但 BFO 比 VI 运动员慢。VI 运动员的传球时脚接触速度与 SIG 相似，但与 SIG 和 BFO 相比，手臂运动速度更大（p<0.05）。此外，与 SIG 和 BFO 相比，VI 运动员传球时躯干屈曲角度更大（p<0.05）。研究结论认为，VI 运动员在跑动和转弯时速度较慢，并且他们通过手臂运动和躯干屈曲来适应传球动作。
