Fu Ailing
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2020;13(1):41-49. doi: 10.2174/1874467212666190920144115.
The mitochondrion is a multi-functional organelle that is mainly responsible for energy supply in the mammalian cells. Over 100 human diseases are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial therapy (mitotherapy) aims to transfer functional exogenous mitochondria into mitochondria-defective cells for recovery of the cell viability and consequently, prevention of the disease progress.
The review summarizes the evidence on exogenous mitochondria that can directly enter mammalian cells for disease therapy following local and intravenous administration, and suggests that when healthy cells donate their mitochondria to damaged cells, the mitochondrial transfer between cells serve as a new mode of cell rescue. Then the transferred mitochondria play their roles in recipient cells, including energy production and maintenance of cell function.
Mitotherapy makes the of modulation of cell survival possible, and it would be a potential therapeutic strategy for mitochondrial diseases.
线粒体是一种多功能细胞器，主要负责哺乳动物细胞中的能量供应。超过100种人类疾病归因于线粒体功能障碍。线粒体疗法旨在将功能性外源性线粒体转移到线粒体缺陷细胞中，以恢复细胞活力，从而预防疾病进展。
本综述总结了关于外源性线粒体在局部和静脉给药后可直接进入哺乳动物细胞用于疾病治疗的证据，并表明当健康细胞将其线粒体捐赠给受损细胞时，细胞间的线粒体转移可作为一种新的细胞拯救模式。然后，转移的线粒体在受体细胞中发挥作用，包括能量产生和维持细胞功能。
线粒体疗法使调节细胞存活成为可能，它将是线粒体疾病的一种潜在治疗策略。
