Alfaki Shima H, Hussien Mohammed O, Elsheikh Fadwa M, Taha Khalid M, Elbrissi Atif H, El Hussein Abdel Rahim M
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (CVRL), Animal Resources Research Corporation (ARRC), Khartoum, Sudan.
Central Laboratory, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
Vet Med Sci. 2019 Nov;5(4):508-511. doi: 10.1002/vms3.188. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) is a gammaretrovirus that belongs to the family of Retroviridae. The infection can result in immunosuppression, runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticular cell neoplasia or T- and/ or B-cell lymphoma, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. The disease is widespread around the world. No related data have been reported in Sudan about the disease. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of REV antibodies and DNA in local and commercial breeds of chickens older than 20 weeks from June 2014 to February, 2017.
A total of 460 sera samples and 150 (50 liver and 100 spleen) tissue samples were collected from local and commercial breeds of chickens older than 20 weeks and screened for anti-REV antibodies in four states of Sudan using a commercial REV antibody ELISA test kit (IDEXX). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect REV DNA in tissue samples in Khartoum State.
The results revealed that the overall seroprevalence of REV was 74.6% among local and commercial chicken breeds, but in commercial it was 79.5% (190/239) and 69.2% in local breeds (153/221). One hundred and fifty tissue samples of chickens (50 liver, 100 spleen) were tested using PCR for detection of REV using primer sets of the conserved region in envelope glycoprotein (env) gene with a band length of 850 bp. Five out of 50 (10%) liver samples were RE provirus DNA positive detected by PCR, whereas 15 out of 100 (15%) spleen samples were PCR positive. Univariate analysis revealed there was a difference (p ≤ 0.05) between locality and breed of chickens and seropositivity to REV.
The prevalence of the disease was high in Sudan and more studies are needed to evaluate the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the virus.
网状内皮组织增殖病病毒（REV）是一种γ逆转录病毒，属于逆转录病毒科。该病毒感染可导致多种家养和野生鸟类出现免疫抑制、发育不良综合征、高死亡率、急性网状细胞瘤或T和/或B细胞淋巴瘤。该病在全球广泛传播。苏丹尚未报道过有关该病的相关数据。本研究旨在确定2014年6月至2017年2月期间，苏丹当地及商业养殖的20周龄以上鸡群中REV抗体和DNA的流行情况。
从苏丹四个州当地及商业养殖的20周龄以上鸡群中，共采集了460份血清样本和150份（50份肝脏和100份脾脏）组织样本，使用商用REV抗体ELISA检测试剂盒（IDEXX）筛查抗REV抗体。在喀土穆州对组织样本进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测，以检测REV DNA。
结果显示，当地及商业养殖鸡群中REV的总体血清阳性率为74.6%，其中商业养殖鸡群为79.5%（190/239），当地养殖鸡群为69.2%（153/221）。使用PCR对150份鸡组织样本（50份肝脏、100份脾脏）进行检测，以检测包膜糖蛋白（env）基因保守区域的引物组，扩增条带长度为850 bp，检测REV。50份肝脏样本中有5份（10%）经PCR检测RE前病毒DNA呈阳性，而100份脾脏样本中有15份（15%）PCR呈阳性。单因素分析显示，鸡的产地和品种与REV血清阳性之间存在差异（p≤0.05）。
苏丹该病的流行率较高，需要更多研究来评估该病毒的流行病学和发病机制。
