Department of Economics, School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Regional Science and Management, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
PLoS One. 2019 Jul 26;14(7):e0220010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220010. eCollection 2019.
We present a lab-in-the-field experiment and surveys of marginalised Roma children in Slovakia to examine whether reminding Roma of their ethnicity reduces their performance in a cognitive task. Research on social identity and stereotypes has documented that when individuals feel that their social group is negatively stereotyped in a domain, their performance declines, which can reinforce discrimination. In an effort to break the cycle of negative stereotypes, we remind Roma subjects of either Roma or non-Roma role models. We find that the activation of a Roma's ethnicity reduces cognitive performance. In contrast, Roma exposed to Roma role models outperform those reminded of their ethnicity and of non-Roma role models. We then attempt to understand the channels through which social identity and role models affect performance. We show that priming the identity of a Roma has a direct effect on confidence, decreasing performance.
我们进行了一项实地实验室实验，并对斯洛伐克边缘化罗姆儿童进行了调查，以检验提醒罗姆人他们的种族是否会降低他们在认知任务中的表现。社会认同和刻板印象的研究记录表明，当个人感到自己的社会群体在某个领域受到负面刻板印象的影响时，他们的表现会下降，这可能会加剧歧视。为了打破负面刻板印象的循环，我们提醒罗姆人注意罗姆人或非罗姆人的榜样。我们发现，激活罗姆人的种族会降低认知表现。相比之下，接触到罗姆人榜样的罗姆人表现优于被提醒自己的种族和非罗姆人榜样的罗姆人。然后，我们试图了解社会认同和榜样通过哪些渠道影响表现。我们表明，提示罗姆人的身份会直接影响信心，从而降低表现。
