Brehm Laurel, Taschenberger Linda, Meyer Antje
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
University College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2019 Aug;199:102888. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.102888. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
Interference in picture naming occurs from representing a partner's preparations to speak (Gambi, van de Cavey, & Pickering, 2015). We tested the origins of this interference using a simple non-communicative joint naming task based on Gambi et al. (2015), where response latencies indexed interference from partner task and partner speech content, and eye fixations to partner objects indexed overt attention. Experiment 1 contrasted a partner-present condition with a control partner-absent condition to establish the role of the partner in eliciting interference. For latencies, we observed interference from the partner's task and speech content, with interference increasing due to partner task in the partner-present condition. Eye-tracking measures showed that interference in naming was not due to overt attention to partner stimuli but to broad expectations about likely utterances. Experiment 2 examined whether an equivalent non-verbal task also elicited interference, as predicted from a language as joint action framework. We replicated the finding of interference due to partner task and again found no relationship between overt attention and interference. These results support Gambi et al. (2015). Individuals co-represent a partner's task while speaking, and doing so does not require overt attention to partner stimuli.
对图片命名的干扰源于对伙伴说话准备过程的表征（甘比、范德卡维、皮克林，2015年）。我们基于甘比等人（2015年）的研究，使用一个简单的非交流性联合命名任务来测试这种干扰的来源，其中反应潜伏期反映了来自伙伴任务和伙伴言语内容的干扰，而对伙伴物体的注视反映了显性注意力。实验1将有伙伴在场的条件与无伙伴的对照条件进行对比，以确定伙伴在引发干扰中的作用。对于潜伏期，我们观察到了来自伙伴任务和言语内容的干扰，在有伙伴在场的条件下，由于伙伴任务，干扰增加。眼动追踪测量表明，命名干扰并非由于对伙伴刺激的显性注意力，而是由于对可能话语的广泛预期。实验2检验了一个等效的非语言任务是否也会引发干扰，正如从语言作为联合行动框架所预测的那样。我们重复了由于伙伴任务而产生干扰的发现，并且再次发现显性注意力与干扰之间没有关系。这些结果支持了甘比等人（2015年）的研究。个体在说话时会共同表征伙伴的任务，而且这样做并不需要对伙伴刺激的显性注意力。
