“认知行动项目”的研究方案和理论基础：一项关于儿童身体活动、大脑健康、认知和学业成就的横断面随机对照试验。
Study protocol and rationale of the "Cogni-action project" a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren.
机构信息
IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2019 Jul 26;19(1):260. doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1639-8.
BACKGROUND
Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the education field. The Cogni-Action Project is divided into two stages, a cross-sectional study and a crossover-randomized trial. The aim of the first part is to establish the associations of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness with brain structure and function, cognitive performance and academic achievement in Chilean schoolchildren (10-13 years-old). The aim of the second part is to determinate the acute effects of three PA protocols on neuroelectric indices during a working memory and a reading task.
METHODS
PA and sedentarism will be self-reported and objectively-assessed with accelerometers in a representative subsample, whilst physical fitness will be evaluated through the ALPHA fitness test battery. Brain structure and function will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a randomized subsample. Cognitive performance will be assessed through the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, and academic achievement by school grades. In the second part 32 adolescents (12-13 year-old) will be cross-over randomized to these condition (i) "Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training" (MICT), (ii) "Cooperative High-Intensity Interval Training" (C-HIIT), and (iii) Sedentary condition. Neuroelectric indices will be measures by electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking, working memory by n-back task and reading comprehension by a reading task.
DISCUSSION
The main strength of this project is that, to our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the potential association of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness on brain structure and function, cognitive performance, and academic achievement in a developing country, which presents an important sociocultural gap. For this purpose, this project will use advanced technologies in neuroimaging (MRI), electrophysiology (EEG), and eye-tracking, as well as objective and quality measurements of several physical and cognitive health outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894241 Date of register: March 28, 2019. Retrospectively Registered.
背景
教育和健康是公共政策的关键议题，因为它们在很大程度上决定了社会的未来福祉。目前，有几项研究认识到，身体活动（PA）对儿童的大脑健康有益。然而，这些研究大多不是在发展中国家进行的，或者缺乏在教育领域的应用。Cogni-Action 项目分为两个阶段，一个是横断面研究，另一个是交叉随机试验。第一部分的目的是确定智利学龄儿童（10-13 岁）中 PA、久坐和身体健康与大脑结构和功能、认知表现和学业成绩的关联。第二部分的目的是确定三种 PA 方案对工作记忆和阅读任务期间神经电指数的急性影响。
方法
PA 和久坐会通过加速度计进行自我报告和客观评估，在代表性子样本中，而身体健康将通过 ALPHA 体能测试电池进行评估。大脑结构和功能将通过磁共振成像（MRI）在随机子样本中进行评估。认知表现将通过神经认知表现测试进行评估，学业成绩通过学校成绩进行评估。在第二部分中，32 名青少年（12-13 岁）将交叉随机分配到以下条件：（i）“中等强度连续训练”（MICT），（ii）“合作高强度间歇训练”（C-HIIT），和（iii）久坐条件。神经电指数将通过脑电图（EEG）和眼动追踪进行测量，工作记忆通过 n 回任务进行测量，阅读理解通过阅读任务进行测量。
讨论
该项目的主要优势在于，据我们所知，这是第一项在发展中国家分析 PA、久坐和身体健康对大脑结构和功能、认知表现和学业成绩的潜在关联的研究，这提出了一个重要的社会文化差距。为此，该项目将使用神经影像学（MRI）、电生理学（EEG）和眼动追踪方面的先进技术，以及对几个身体和认知健康结果进行客观和高质量的测量。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT03894241 注册日期：2019 年 3 月 28 日。回顾性注册。
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