National center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 30;11(8):1753. doi: 10.3390/nu11081753.
Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. The intestinal maturation of piglets resembles that of human newborns and infants. Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. One pig per group from each litter was euthanized on day 8 and day 21. Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. Additionally, significantly decreased on day 21 following the early-life GOS intervention. Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. These findings provide guidelines for early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns.
半乳糖寡糖（GOS）是具有天然特性的功能性寡糖，是母乳中的重要活性物质，对新生仔猪肠道微生物群和免疫系统的发育起着重要作用。仔猪的肠道成熟过程类似于人类新生儿和婴儿的肠道成熟过程。因此，我们使用新生仔猪模型来研究早期 GOS 干预的影响。将每窝具有相同平均出生体重的 6 窝新生仔猪（每窝 10 头）分为对照组（CON）和 GOS 组（GOS）。GOS 组仔猪在出生后第一周每天给予 10 mL GOS 溶液，而 CON 组仔猪则给予相同剂量的生理盐水口服。每窝每组各有 1 头仔猪于第 8 天和第 21 天安乐死。结果表明，GOS 干预后第 8 天和第 21 天，回肠微生物群组成在属和未分类的乳杆菌科中显著富集，而在属中减少。此外，属在早期 GOS 干预后第 21 天显著减少。此外，GOS 组的微生物代谢产物、内分泌肽以及抗炎细胞因子和抗菌肽的 mRNA 表达增加。这些发现为哺乳期新生儿早期补充益生元提供了指导。
