CIBCI, Centre for Artificial Intelligence, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Broadway, 15, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia.
Brain Research Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
Int J Neural Syst. 2020 Jan;30(1):1950018. doi: 10.1142/S0129065719500187. Epub 2019 Jun 4.
Fatigue is one problem with driving as it can lead to difficulties with sustaining attention, behavioral lapses, and a tendency to ignore vital information or operations. In this research, we explore multimodal physiological phenomena in response to driving fatigue through simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) recordings with the aim of investigating the relationships between hemodynamic and electrical features and driving performance. Sixteen subjects participated in an event-related lane-deviation driving task while measuring their brain dynamics through fNIRS and EEGs. Three performance groups, classified as Optimal, Suboptimal, and Poor, were defined for comparison. From our analysis, we find that tonic variations occur before a deviation, and phasic variations occur afterward. The tonic results show an increased concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and power changes in the EEG theta, alpha, and beta bands. Both dynamics are significantly correlated with deteriorated driving performance. The phasic EEG results demonstrate event-related desynchronization associated with the onset of steering vehicle in all power bands. The concentration of phasic HbO decreased as performance worsened. Further, the negative correlations between tonic EEG delta and alpha power and HbO oscillations suggest that activations in HbO are related to mental fatigue. In summary, combined hemodynamic and electrodynamic activities can provide complete knowledge of the brain's responses as evidence of state changes during fatigue driving.
疲劳是驾驶中的一个问题，因为它会导致注意力难以维持、行为失误以及忽视重要信息或操作的倾向。在这项研究中，我们通过同时进行功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 和脑电图 (EEG) 记录来探索对驾驶疲劳的多模态生理现象，旨在研究血液动力学和电特征与驾驶性能之间的关系。16 名受试者参与了一项与事件相关的车道偏离驾驶任务，同时通过 fNIRS 和 EEG 测量他们的大脑动态。为了进行比较，我们将他们分为三个表现组，分别为“优”、“次优”和“差”。通过分析，我们发现，在偏离之前会出现紧张性变化，而在偏离之后会出现阶段性变化。紧张性结果显示，含氧血红蛋白 (HbO) 浓度增加，脑电图 theta、alpha 和 beta 波段的功率发生变化。这两种动力学都与驾驶性能恶化显著相关。阶段性 EEG 结果表明，在所有功率波段中，与转向车辆开始相关的事件相关去同步化。随着性能的恶化，阶段性 HbO 的浓度降低。此外，紧张性 EEG 德尔塔和阿尔法功率与 HbO 震荡之间的负相关表明，HbO 的激活与精神疲劳有关。总之，血流动力学和电动力学活动的结合可以提供大脑反应的完整知识，作为疲劳驾驶状态变化的证据。
