Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2019 Oct;58:314-323. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.06.011. Epub 2019 Aug 2.
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are a large superfamily of polymodal ion channels, which perform important roles in numerous physiological processes. The architecture of their transmembrane (TM) domains closely resembles that of voltage-gated potassium channels (K). However, recent cryoEM and crystallographic studies of TRP channels have identified π-helices in functionally important regions, and it is increasingly recognized that they utilize a distinct mechanism of gating that relies on α-to-π secondary structure transitions. Here we review our current understanding of the role of π-helices in TRP channel function and their broader impact on different classes of ion channels.
瞬时受体电位 (TRP) 通道是一大类多模式离子通道，它们在许多生理过程中发挥着重要作用。它们的跨膜 (TM) 结构域的结构与电压门控钾通道 (K) 非常相似。然而，最近对 TRP 通道的冷冻电镜和晶体学研究已经确定了功能重要区域中的π-螺旋，并且越来越认识到它们利用依赖于 α 到 π 二级结构转变的独特门控机制。在这里，我们回顾了我们目前对 π-螺旋在 TRP 通道功能中的作用的理解，以及它们对不同类离子通道的更广泛影响。
