Laboratory of Ethnology of Sport, Poznan University of Physical Education, Krolowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Didactics of Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, Krolowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznan, Poland.
Biomed Res Int. 2019 Jul 11;2019:4313451. doi: 10.1155/2019/4313451. eCollection 2019.
The study purpose was to investigate the level of moral competences and prosocial behaviours in a physical activity (PA) context and differences between first year freshman students enrolled in both the physical education and sport coaching majors.
We draw on data from students of the Faculties of Physical Education (109) and Sport (94) at Poznan University of Physical Education. For measurement, Lind's Moral Competence Test was used. Comparative analysis of differences between the groups was undertaken with the use of Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis of variance was used for further analysis.
The results show that there were no significant differences between the examined students in majority of the characteristics. Students comply with the recommended levels of physical activity, but 70% present low level of moral competences. Parents were the most influential factors in moral development across levels of competences and genders. More years of sports training showed a positive relationship with moral development (only in the group of male students with high level of moral competency).
Based on the findings, it is recommended to consider the changes in physical education and sport students education training programmes which should include more critical reflection and life-long learning competences.
本研究旨在调查体育活动背景下的道德能力和亲社会行为水平，并比较体育教育和运动训练专业一年级新生之间的差异。
我们的数据来自波兹南体育大学体育学院（109 人）和运动学院（94 人）的学生。采用林德道德能力测验进行测量。使用曼-惠特尼检验对组间差异进行比较分析，进一步采用克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯非参数方差分析。
结果表明，在大多数特征方面，被检查的学生之间没有显著差异。学生们遵守推荐的体育活动水平，但 70%的学生道德能力水平较低。在各个能力水平和性别中，父母都是道德发展的最具影响力因素。更多年的体育训练与道德发展呈正相关（仅在具有高道德能力水平的男学生群体中）。
基于研究结果，建议考虑对体育教育和运动训练专业学生的教育培养方案进行改革，应包括更多的批判性思考和终身学习能力。
