Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia.
Euro Surveill. 2019 Aug;24(31). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.31.1800357.
Background is the main cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The main transmission route is through consumption of food contaminated with species or contact with infected animals. In Latvia, the prevalence of campylobacteriosis is reported to be low (4.6 cases per 100,000 population in 2016).AimTo determine prevalence, species spectrum and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of spp. in Latvia, using data from various livestock and human clinical samples.MethodsWe analysed data of microbiological monitoring and AMR (2008 and 2014-16) in Latvia. Data from broilers, poultry, pigs, calves and humans were used to determine prevalence of . Additionally, 45 different origin isolates (22 human) were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform; for each isolate core genome multilocus sequence typing was used and relevant antimicrobial resistance mechanisms were identified.ResultsOverall, prevalence in was 83.3% in pigs, 50.2% in broilers, 16.1% in calves and 5.3% in humans; was the predominant species in all sources except pigs where was main species. High level of resistance in were observed against fluoroquinolones, tetracycline and streptomycin, in most of sequenced isolates genetic determinants of relevant AMR profiles were identified.ConclusionsIn Latvia, prevalence of in livestock is high, especially in pigs and broilers; prevalence in poultry and humans were lower than in other European countries. AMR analysis reveals increase of streptomycin and tetracycline resistant broiler origin strains. WGS demonstrates a high compliance between resistance phenotype and genotype for quinolones and tetracyclines.
全球范围内，细菌型肠胃炎的主要病因是。主要的传播途径是通过食用受污染的食物，这些食物中携带了或接触了感染动物。在拉脱维亚，据报道，弯曲菌病的发病率较低（2016 年每 10 万人中有 4.6 例）。
利用来自各种牲畜和人类临床样本的微生物监测和抗生素耐药性（AMR）数据，确定在拉脱维亚弯曲菌属的流行率、种谱和抗生素耐药性。
我们分析了拉脱维亚微生物监测和 AMR（2008 年和 2014-2016 年）的数据。使用肉鸡、家禽、猪、小牛和人类的数据来确定的流行率。此外，我们在 Illumina MiSeq 平台上对 45 株不同来源的分离株（22 株来自人类）进行了测序；对每个分离株进行核心基因组多位点序列分型，并确定相关的抗生素耐药机制。
总体而言，猪中的流行率为 83.3%，肉鸡为 50.2%，小牛为 16.1%，人类为 5.3%；除了猪以外，在所有来源中都是主要物种。在大多数测序分离株中，观察到对氟喹诺酮类、四环素类和链霉素类的高水平耐药性，确定了相关 AMR 图谱的遗传决定因素。
在拉脱维亚，牲畜中的流行率很高，尤其是在猪和肉鸡中；家禽和人类的流行率低于其他欧洲国家。AMR 分析显示，耐链霉素和四环素的肉鸡来源菌株增加。WGS 表明，在喹诺酮类和四环素类药物中，耐药表型与基因型之间的一致性很高。
