El-Hawary S S, Tadros S H, AbdelMohsen M M, Mohamed M S, El Sheikh E, Nazif N M, ElNasr M S
Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-EL-Ainy St., Cairo 11562, Egypt.
Phytochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Former El Tahrir St., P.O.12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Braz J Biol. 2020 Apr-Jun;80(2):295-304. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.200460.
Diospyros kaki L. or Costata cultivar is the main persimmon variety progressively consumed in the Egyptian market and exportation. The objective of this study was to investigate the bioprotective effects of the alcoholic extract of fruits as well as leaves of D. kaki using in-vivo rat models. Petroleum ether extracts of fruits and leaves were analytically characterized for saponifiable and unsaponifiable compounds by GC/MS. Main flavonoids were chromatographically isolated from 80% aqueous methanol extract of leaves. Chemical evaluation for fruits and leaves namely, content of moisture, ash, proteins, fatty acids, amino acids, fat and water soluble vitamins, minerals, carotenoids was carried out. Total antioxidant activity was determined by radical scavenging effects using DPPH assay. The effect on biochemical parameters and its biological activity were also performed. Results revealed the identification of the major compounds of saponifiable and unsaponifiable matters of fruits and leaves. Scopoletin, as well as, kaempferol, luteolin, rutin and apigenin 7-O-glucoside were isolated and identified. It showed that this plant can provide a good nutritional value and it is safe regarding the kidney and liver functions, good source that help in enhancing the antioxidant defense against free radicals. No abnormal effects were found in lipids profile on experimental animals and there were good results in the ratio of HDL and LDL cholesterol. Also, this plant can help in optimizing blood sugar, enhancing the level of blood haemoglobin. It is concluded that D. kaki displays a good source of nutrients and bioactive compounds that may contribute to its therapeutic benefits against the risk of disease complications.
柿树（Diospyros kaki L.）或科斯塔塔品种是埃及市场上逐渐被消费和用于出口的主要柿子品种。本研究的目的是使用体内大鼠模型研究柿树果实和叶子的乙醇提取物的生物保护作用。通过气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）对果实和叶子的石油醚提取物中的可皂化和不可皂化化合物进行了分析表征。从叶子的80%甲醇水溶液提取物中色谱分离出主要黄酮类化合物。对果实和叶子进行了化学评价，即水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂肪酸、氨基酸、脂肪和水溶性维生素、矿物质、类胡萝卜素的含量测定。通过二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）法以自由基清除作用测定总抗氧化活性。还进行了对生化参数及其生物活性的影响研究。结果揭示了果实和叶子中可皂化和不可皂化物质的主要化合物的鉴定。分离并鉴定出东莨菪素以及山奈酚、木犀草素、芦丁和芹菜素7-O-葡萄糖苷。结果表明该植物能提供良好的营养价值，对肾脏和肝脏功能是安全的，是有助于增强抗氧化防御自由基的良好来源。在实验动物的血脂谱中未发现异常影响，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇的比例有良好结果。此外，这种植物有助于优化血糖，提高血红蛋白水平。得出的结论是，柿树是一种营养物质和生物活性化合物的良好来源，可能有助于其对疾病并发症风险的治疗益处。
