Jacobs E, Rathmann W, Tönnies T, Arendt D, Marchowez M, Veith L, Kuss O, Brinks R, Hoyer A
Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Centre, Leibniz Centre for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
German Centre for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany.
Diabet Med. 2020 Oct;37(10):1723-1727. doi: 10.1111/dme.14100. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
For many European countries, including Germany, no valid estimates are available on age at diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes. Thus, we aimed to estimate the age at diagnosis in Germany.
Age at diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes in Germany was estimated based on Type 2 diabetes prevalence and incidence and the age distribution of the German population. Age- and sex-specific incidence and prevalence in 2014/2015, based on claims data from statutory health insurance (n= 69 000 000, ~85% of the German population), and the age pyramid for Germany in 2015 were used for the calculation. Age at Type 2 diabetes diagnosis was stratified by sex. CIs were estimated using bootstrap methods. In addition, the age range in which 50% of the population received a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes was calculated (the interquartile range).
The mean ± sd age at Type 2 diabetes diagnosis in 2015 was 61.0 ± 13.4 years (95% CI 60.9-61.0) in men. Women were diagnosed ~2 years later than men (mean age 63.4 ± 14.9 years; 95% CI 63.4-63.5). The age range in which 50% of the population was diagnosed with diabetes was 53-72 years for men and 54-76 years for women.
The sex differences are mainly attributable to a higher incidence of Type 2 diabetes in men than women during middle age and the higher absolute number of women in the older ages. The early age at diabetes diagnosis compared to average life expectancy means that the risk of diabetes-related complications is increased.
对于包括德国在内的许多欧洲国家，尚无关于2型糖尿病诊断年龄的有效估计值。因此，我们旨在估计德国的2型糖尿病诊断年龄。
基于2型糖尿病患病率、发病率以及德国人口的年龄分布来估计德国2型糖尿病的诊断年龄。计算时使用了2014/2015年基于法定医疗保险理赔数据（n = 69000000，约占德国人口的85%）得出的年龄和性别特异性发病率及患病率，以及2015年德国的年龄金字塔。2型糖尿病诊断年龄按性别分层。采用自助法估计置信区间。此外，还计算了50%的人口被诊断为2型糖尿病的年龄范围（四分位间距）。
2015年男性2型糖尿病诊断的平均年龄±标准差为61.0±13.4岁（95%置信区间60.9 - 61.0）。女性的诊断时间比男性晚约2年（平均年龄63.4±14.9岁；95%置信区间63.4 - 63.5）。男性中50%的人口被诊断患有糖尿病的年龄范围是53 - 72岁，女性是54 - 76岁。
性别差异主要归因于中年男性2型糖尿病的发病率高于女性，以及老年女性的绝对数量更多。与平均预期寿命相比，糖尿病诊断年龄较早意味着糖尿病相关并发症的风险增加。
