Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; Center for the Environmental Implications of Nano Technology (CEINT), Duke University, Box 90287, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Chemosphere. 2019 Dec;237:124359. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124359. Epub 2019 Jul 13.
The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) on the toxicity of sewage sludges in sewage sludge-amended soils was investigated with respect to plant- (Lepidium sativum) and soil- (Folsomia candida) species. The toxicity of porewater obtained from the tested soils towards Vibrio fischeri (Microtox®) was also investigated. Two sewage sludges (SSL1 and SSL2) with different organic matter content were amended with nanoparticles. Depending on the type of biotest and the type of sewage sludge, different effects of ZnO or ZnS NPs on the toxicity of sewage sludge-amended soil were observed. In general, ZnO and ZnS NPs stimulated root growth for SSL1 or reduced the harmful impact of SSL2 on the root growth of L. sativum roots. Greater stimulation or inhibition of root growth was observed for the ZnO than ZnS NPs. The unfavorable effect of ZnO/ZnS NPs on F. candida mortality and reproduction was observed at a concentration of ZnO/ZnS in sewage sludge ≥250 mg/kg. Generally, there were no significant differences between ZnO and ZnS NPs toxicity towards F. candida. Aging for 45 days of sewage sludge-amended soil containing NPs affected ZnO and ZnS NPs toxicity to all tested organisms. In the most cases, the toxicity decreased after 45 days of aging for plant (L. sativum) and invertebrates (F. candida). The toxicity of porewater to V. fischeri from sewage sludge-amended soil contains ZnO NPs did not change, while in the case of ZnS NPs, the toxicity increased after 45 days of aging.
研究了氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NPs）和硫化锌纳米粒子（ZnS NPs）对添加污水污泥的土壤中植物（蕈菜）和土壤（Folsomia candida）物种毒性的影响。还研究了从测试土壤中获得的空隙水对发光菌（Microtox®）的毒性。用纳米粒子处理了两种具有不同有机物含量的污水污泥（SSL1 和 SSL2）。根据生物测试的类型和污水污泥的类型，观察到 ZnO 或 ZnS NPs 对添加污水污泥的土壤毒性有不同的影响。一般来说，ZnO 和 ZnS NPs 刺激 SSL1 的根生长，或减少 SSL2 对蕈菜根生长的有害影响。ZnO NPs 对根生长的刺激或抑制作用大于 ZnS NPs。在污水污泥中 ZnO/ZnS NPs 的浓度≥250 mg/kg 时，观察到 ZnO/ZnS NPs 对 F. candida 死亡率和繁殖的不利影响。一般来说，ZnO 和 ZnS NPs 对 F. candida 的毒性没有显著差异。含有纳米粒子的添加污水污泥土壤老化 45 天影响了所有测试生物对 ZnO 和 ZnS NPs 的毒性。在大多数情况下，老化 45 天后，植物（蕈菜）和无脊椎动物（F. candida）的毒性降低。含有 ZnO NPs 的添加污水污泥土壤空隙水对发光菌的毒性没有变化，而在 ZnS NPs 的情况下，老化 45 天后毒性增加。
