Hou Shiying, Jin Zewei, Jiang Wenwen, Chi Liang, Xia Bin, Chen Jinghua
Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Weihai Ocean Vocational College, Weihai, Shandong, China.
PeerJ. 2019 Aug 2;7:e7427. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7427. eCollection 2019.
Desiccation is one of the extremely stressful situations experienced by aquatic animals, and sea cucumber usually suffers from desiccation stress during transportation without water. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of desiccation and subsequent resubmersion on physiological stress, oxidative damage, antioxidant status and non-specific immune response of , providing valuable information on the health management of sea cucumber culturing. Control and desiccation groups were set up, and each group has three replicates. After 1, 3 and 6 h of desiccation, individuals were resubmersed in aerated seawater for a 24 h recovery in three batches, which were represented as D1, D3 and D6, respectively. The results showed that glucose level in coelomic fluid of sea cucumber significantly decreased after desiccation, whereas lactate, cortisol and osmolality showed remarkable ascending trends. Thereafter, all stress parameters gently recovered towards normal levels as control group during 24 h resubmersion. The prolonged desiccation at D6 treatment induced the significant increases of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, as well as relatively lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. During the period of desiccation and subsequent resubmersion, sea cucumber adjusted antioxidant defense to reduce the concentrations of MDA and ROS as a strategy for protecting against oxidative damage. Desiccation also had significant effects on non-specific immune parameters (total coelomocytes counts, TCC; complement C3; total nitric oxide synthase, T-NOS; lysozyme, LSZ; alkaline phosphatase, AKP) of , which could be recovered to some extent during resubmersion. In conclusion, less than 6 h of desiccation did not induce irreparable damage to sea cucumber, and was recommended for handling and shipping live sea cucumbers.
干燥是水生动物所经历的极端应激情况之一，海参在无水运输过程中通常会遭受干燥应激。本研究旨在评估干燥及随后再浸没对海参生理应激、氧化损伤、抗氧化状态和非特异性免疫反应的影响，为海参养殖的健康管理提供有价值的信息。设置了对照组和干燥组，每组有三个重复。干燥1、3和6小时后，将个体分三批重新浸没在充气海水中恢复24小时，分别表示为D1、D3和D6。结果表明，干燥后海参体腔液中的葡萄糖水平显著降低，而乳酸、皮质醇和渗透压则呈显著上升趋势。此后，在24小时的再浸没过程中，所有应激参数均逐渐恢复至对照组的正常水平。D6处理的长时间干燥导致丙二醛（MDA）和活性氧（ROS）含量显著增加，以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性相对较低。在干燥及随后再浸没期间，海参调整抗氧化防御以降低MDA和ROS的浓度，作为抵御氧化损伤的策略。干燥对海参的非特异性免疫参数（总体腔细胞计数，TCC；补体C3；总一氧化氮合酶，T-NOS；溶菌酶，LSZ；碱性磷酸酶，AKP）也有显著影响，这些参数在再浸没期间可在一定程度上恢复。总之，干燥时间少于6小时不会对海参造成不可修复的损伤，建议用于活海参的处理和运输。
