Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1165:607-623. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_30.
Renal fibrosis is the common pathological pathway of progressive CKD. The commonly used biomarkers in clinical practice are not optimal to detect injury or predict prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel biomarkers to allow prompt intervention. Urine serves as a valuable resource of biomarker discovery for kidney diseases. Owing to the rapid development of omics platforms and bioinformatics, research on novel urinary biomarkers for renal fibrosis has proliferated in recent years. In this chapter, we discuss the current status and provide basic knowledge in this field. We present novel promising biomarkers including tubular injury markers, proteins related to activated inflammation/fibrosis pathways, CKD273, transcriptomic biomarkers, as well as metabolomic biomarkers. Furthermore, considering the complex nature of the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, we also highlight the combination of biomarkers to further improve the diagnostic and prognostic performance.
肾纤维化是 CKD 进行性发展的共同病理途径。临床实践中常用的生物标志物并不理想，无法检测损伤或预测预后。因此，开发新型生物标志物以进行及时干预至关重要。尿液是肾脏疾病生物标志物发现的有价值资源。由于组学平台和生物信息学的快速发展，近年来，针对肾纤维化的新型尿液生物标志物的研究大量涌现。在本章中，我们讨论了该领域的现状和基础知识。我们介绍了一些有前途的新型生物标志物，包括管损伤标志物、与激活的炎症/纤维化途径相关的蛋白、CKD273、转录组生物标志物以及代谢组生物标志物。此外，考虑到肾纤维化发病机制的复杂性，我们还强调了联合生物标志物以进一步提高诊断和预后性能。
