School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
Quality Certification Center, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
J Med Food. 2019 Oct;22(10):1067-1077. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4429. Epub 2019 Aug 12.
To reduce microbial loads in medicinal herbs, Cnidii Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma were subjected to electron-beam (e-beam) irradiation at doses (≤10 kGy) as permitted by the Korean Food Code. The effects of e-beam irradiation on the microbial load, stability of the active components, and anti-inflammatory activity of medicinal herbs were determined. We observed that the total aerobic bacteria (TAB; 4.0-7.0 log CFU/g), yeasts and molds (Y&M; 3.3-6.8 log CFU/g), and coliform counts (CC; 3.2-3.8 log CFU/g) in both herb samples were effectively reduced in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in acceptable levels of <3.0 log CFU/g in TAB and Y&M and negative in CC at 10 kGy irradiation. The concentration of the active components (0.87-4.22 mg/g) of Cnidii Rhizoma, including z-ligustilide, chlorogenic acid, senkyunolide A, and ferulic acid, in order of prevalence and those (0.86-2.76 mg/g) of Alismatis Rhizoma, including Alisol B acetate and Alisol B, were not changed at irradiation doses of ≤10 kGy. The extracts of e-beam irradiated Cnidii Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma showed a reduced production of inflammation-related factors, such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, in a concentration-dependent manner, which was induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 cell. However, there was no significant difference observed at e-beam irradiation doses of 0, 1, 5, and 10 kGy. Thus, we confirm that e-beam irradiation up to 10 kGy was effective for the control of microbial load in Cnidii Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma without causing considerable changes in their major active components and anti-inflammatory activity. The results show the potential of e-beam application for sanitization of medicinal herbs.
为了降低草药中的微生物负荷，根据《韩国食品法典》的规定，对蛇床子和泽泻进行了电子束（e-beam）辐照，辐照剂量（≤10 kGy）。研究了电子束辐照对草药微生物负荷、活性成分稳定性和抗炎活性的影响。结果表明，两种草药样品中的总需氧菌（TAB；4.0-7.0 log CFU/g）、酵母菌和霉菌（Y&M；3.3-6.8 log CFU/g）和大肠菌群（CC；3.2-3.8 log CFU/g）均呈剂量依赖性减少，在 10 kGy 辐照下，可接受的 TAB 和 Y&M 水平<3.0 log CFU/g，CC 为阴性。蛇床子中活性成分（0.87-4.22 mg/g）的浓度，包括 z-藁本内酯、绿原酸、川芎嗪 A 和阿魏酸，按流行顺序排列，以及泽泻中活性成分（0.86-2.76 mg/g），包括阿魏醇乙酸酯和泽泻醇 B，在≤10 kGy 的辐照剂量下均未发生变化。电子束辐照的蛇床子和泽泻提取物表现出炎症相关因子（如一氧化氮、前列腺素 E、白细胞介素（IL）-1β和 IL-6）的产生减少，呈浓度依赖性，这是由脂多糖在 RAW 264.7 细胞中诱导的。然而，在 0、1、5 和 10 kGy 的电子束辐照剂量下，没有观察到显著差异。因此，我们证实，电子束辐照高达 10 kGy 可有效控制蛇床子和泽泻中的微生物负荷，而不会对其主要活性成分和抗炎活性产生显著影响。结果表明，电子束应用具有对草药进行消毒的潜力。
