Serum antibody and ocular responses to murine corneal infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The serum antibody response and differential corneal response to primary and secondary infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated in DBA/2J (resistant) and C57BL/6J (susceptible) mice, since they respond differently to intracorneal challenge. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that naturally resistant DBA/2J mice mounted a significant immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG response to P. aeruginosa within 7 days postinfection of one eye; this was subsequently followed by a drop in the IgM response. Of 31 mice, 30 were able to restore corneal clarity within 3 to 4 weeks. However, when C57BL/6J mice were infected intracorneally, their levels of serum antibody developed more slowly than did those of the DBA/2J mice, and they were unable to restore corneal clarity within 8 to 12 weeks. None of the mice from either test strain mounted a detectable serum IgA response to P. aeruginosa over a 90-day holding period. However, infection of the contralateral, normal cornea of mice of both test strains resulted in a heightened IgG response to P. aeruginosa within 30 days after the secondary infection. Many (50%) of the susceptible C57BL/6J mice recovered or exhibited less severe corneal damage within the 30-day holding period. If the C57BL/6J mice were reinfected 60 days after the primary infection instead of after 30 days, most (89%) of the mice had restored corneal clarity within 3 to 6 days. Passive transfer of immune serum from either recovered DBA/2J or C57BL/6J mice to naive C57BL/6J mice resulted in the restoration of corneal clarity in many of the recipients following infection.